亚洲地区夏季风期间氨气的时空分布特征  

Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Ammonia during the Asian Summer Monsoon

作　　者：赵子学 马建中[1] ZHAO Zixue;MA Jianzhong(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2023年第3期263-274,共12页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金41875146。

摘　　要：利用ENVISAT卫星搭载的迈克尔逊干涉仪和Aqua卫星搭载的AIRS探测仪观测到的大气NH3浓度数据以及全球大气化学—气候模式EMAC模拟的NH3浓度结果,分析了2008~2011年6~9月亚洲地区大气NH3的空间分布特征。结果显示,夏季时近地面NH3浓度最高值出现在印度北部,同时紧邻印度北部的孟加拉湾存在深对流,凭借青藏高原的高海拔地势,此深对流可以将寿命较短的NH3输送到上对流层和下平流层(Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere,UTLS),所以在青藏高原上空出现了NH3的向上输送柱,即青藏高原是NH3向上输送的主要通道。亚洲夏季风反气旋的位置主导着NH3在UTLS区域的空间分布,反气旋内持续存在NH3高浓度中心,NH3高浓度中心位置与反气旋中心位置对应良好,会出现一个或两个NH3高浓度中心,说明反气旋内环流形式的变化对反气旋内NH3分布特征有重要影响。The spatial distribution characteristics of atmospheric ammonia(NH3)in East Asia from June to September 2008–2011 were investigated using data from the Michelson interferometer for passive atmospheric sounding on the ENVISAT satellite,the AIRS detector on the Aqua satellite,and the global atmospheric chemistry–climate model EMAC.The results show that the highest concentration of NH3 near the surface appears in northern India,and deep convection exists in the Bay of Bengal near northern India in summer.This deep convection can transport short-lived NH3 to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere(UTLS)because of the high altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Therefore,an upward transport column of NH3 over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau exits and is the main channel for the upward transportation of NH3.During the Asian summer monsoon,the location of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone dominates the spatial distribution of NH3 in the UTLS area.The high-concentration center of NH3 continues to exist during the anticyclone,and its position corresponds well with the position of the anticyclone center.During the anticyclone,one or two NH3 high-concentration centers exist in the anticyclone center,implying that a change in the circulation pattern of the anticyclone has important effects on the NH3 distribution.

关 键 词：亚洲夏季风反气旋 氨气 青藏高原 深对流输送 上对流层和下平流层 

分 类 号：P422[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]