不同专项大学生赤足正常行走的足底压力特征分析  

An Analysis of Plantar Pressure Characteristics of Normal Barefoot Walking of College Students Specialized in Different Sports

作　　者：马笑瑜 张庆来 Ma Xiaoyu;Zhang Qinglai(Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University(Main Campus),Zhengzhou 450001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学体育学院(校本部),河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学体育学院,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第5期154-156,191,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：目的:探究不同专项大学生的动态足底压力特征,为今后运动训练、运动康复等方面的研究提供参考。方法:采用问卷调查法、实验法等方法对36名学生进行相关信息收集及赤足正常行走时的足底压力测试。结果:健美操专项大学生双足间第5跖骨、足弓内侧压力峰值有差异(P<0.05);体育舞蹈专项大学生双组间第5跖骨和足弓内侧的负荷分布、压力峰值、压力-时间积分以及第2、3跖骨、足跟外侧压力-时间积分有差异(P<0.05);拳击专项大学生双足间第1、2、3、4跖骨和足弓外侧足底接触面积、足跟内侧最大压强、足弓内侧压力峰值以及足弓外侧负荷分布、压力-时间积分有差异(P<0.05);摔跤专项大学生双足间足跟内侧最大压强、第2跖骨的压力峰值有差异(P<0.05)。结论:长期专项训练对大学生的正常行走足底压力均可能造成影响,健美操专项、摔跤项目学生的足底各指标差异较少,在正常行走足底压力测试中表现出较好的对称性,拳击专项学生每个足底压力参数均有足底区域差异,体育舞蹈专项学生除足底接触面积无差异外其他指标均有差异,这两种专项学生左右足整体表现出较弱的对称性。因此各运动项目要重视学生足部健康问题,定期进行观测并帮助学生改善足部健康状况。OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamic plantar pressure characteristics of college students specialized in different sports,and to provide reference information for future sports training and sports rehabilitation.METHODS:Questionnaires and experimental methods were employed to collect relevant information and test the plantar pressure of 36 students during barefoot normal walking.RESULTS:There were differences in the peak pressure of the 5th metatarsal bone and medial arch between the feet of aerobics students(P<0.05);there were differences in the load distribution,peak pressure,pressure-time integral of the 5th metatarsal bone and medial arch,and pressure-time integral of the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal and lateral heel between the two groups of DanceSport students(P<0.05);there were differences in the 1st,2nd,3rd and 4th metatarsal bones and lateral heel contact between the feet of boxing students.There were differences in plantar contact area between the 1st,2nd,3rd,and 4th metatarsal bones and lateral arch,maximum pressure on the medial heel,peak pressure on the medial arch,and load distribution on the lateral arch,and pressure-time integral(P<0.05).Differences were identified in maximum pressure on the medial heel and peak pressure on the 2nd metatarsal between the feet of college students specialized in wrestling(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Long-term sport-specific training can possibly have an effect on normal walking plantar pressure of college students.Less differences in each plantar index were observed on aerobics students and wrestling students,and higher symmetry was identified in normal walking plantar pressure tests.Differences in each plantar pressure parameter were identified in boxing students in plantar areas.Differences were identified in all indexes except for plantar contact area on DanceSport students.Boxing and DanceSport students showed overall weak symmetry between left and right feet.Therefore,it is suggested more emphasis be placed on students’foot health in every and each

关 键 词：专项技能 大学生 动态足底压力 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]