杂交葡萄‘M10’及其亲本叶片解剖结构与光合特性研究  

Anatomical Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Leaves of Hybrid Grape‘M10’and Its Parents

作　　者：纪佳慧 张付春[2] 钟海霞[2] 潘明启[2] 周晓明[2] 乔江霞 李文胜[1] 伍新宇[2] JI Jiahui;ZHANG Fuchun;ZHONG Haixia;PAN Mingqi;ZHOU Xiaoming;QIAO Jiangxia;LI Wensheng;WU Xinyu(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第5期714-722,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(2020Q028);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-ZP-08);2021年中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(新[2021]TG04号)。

摘　　要：以杂交葡萄‘M10’及其母本‘白木纳格’、父本‘莫莉莎无核’为材料,观测叶片解剖结构与光合特性。结果表明:‘M10’与‘白木纳格’在叶片厚度、上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度、主脉厚度和海绵组织厚度等指标有显著差异,与‘莫莉莎无核’在叶片厚度、上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度、主脉厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度等指标有显著差异。果实膨大期‘M10’没有光合午休,而父母本存在不同程度的光合午休;叶片净光合速率日均值方面,‘白木纳格’最大,其次是‘M10’,‘莫莉莎无核’最小;净光合速率与栅栏组织厚度极显著正相关。转色期‘M10’的最大净光合速率极显著低于‘白木纳格’且极显著高于‘莫莉莎无核’。可见,杂交葡萄‘M10’与其亲本的叶组织结构、光合特性均存在显著差异;‘M10’的光合能力介于父、母本之间;‘M10’及其亲本果实膨大期叶片光合能力与栅栏组织厚度极显著正相关。The hybrid grape‘M10’and its female parent‘White Munake’and its male parent‘Melissa seedless’were taken as materials,itsleaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics were observed.The results showed that there were significant differences between‘M10’and‘White Munake’in leaf thickness,upper epidermis thickness,lower epidermis thickness,main vein thickness,sponge tissue thickness and so on.There were significant differences between‘M10’and‘Melissa seedless’in leaf thickness,upper epidermis thickness,lower epidermis thickness,main vein thickness,palisade tissue thickness,sponge tissue thickness and so on.During the fruit expansion period,there was no photosynthetic lunch break in‘M10’,but there were different degrees of photosynthetic lunch break in parents.In terms of the daily average net photosynthetic rate,‘White Munake’was the highest,followed by‘M10’,‘Melissa seedless’.The net photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with the thickness of palisade tissue.During the color conversion period,the maximum net photosynthetic rate of‘M10’was significantly lower than that of‘White Munake’and significantly higher than that of‘Melissa seedless’.It can be seen that there are significant differences in leaf tissue structure and photosynthetic characteristics between hybrid grape‘M10’and its parents,the photosynthetic capacity of‘M10’is between its parents,and there is a significant positive correlation between leaf photosynthetic capacity and palisade tissue thickness during fruit expansion of‘M10’and its parents.

关 键 词：杂交 ‘木纳格’ ‘莫莉莎无核’ 解剖结构 光合特性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]