基于耳石微结构的黄海大头鳕早期生长及环境影响  

Early Growth and Environmental Impact of Gadus macrocephalus Based on Otolith Microstructure

作　　者：姜枫 李建超 张弛[1] 武瑞 叶振江[1] 刘阳 孙鹏[1] 刘淑德 董秀强 田永军[1] JIANG Feng;LI Jianchao;ZHANG Chi(Fisheries College of Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]山东省水生生物资源养护管理中心,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期120-126,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41806190);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(201713054);山东省博士后创新项目(201703015);山东省海洋与渔业厅项目(2016-2017年山东近海渔业资源全面调查)。

摘　　要：黄海大头鳕资源量近年呈现波动上升趋势,但对其早期生长规律的认知相对缺乏。通过分析2017年夏季43个黄海大头鳕幼鱼的耳石微结构探索其早期生长的一般模式,并结合同期黄海海洋环境变化,进一步探究其早期生长、关键生活史过程与栖息地环境变动的关系。结果显示,大头鳕的孵化日期在2017年3月2日到4月27日之间,结合孵化时的水温估算其产卵期为2017年2月中旬到4月初,盛期为2月下旬。孵化后大头鳕的生长速度随着海表温度的升高而增加,在表温达到15℃时,大头鳕开始沉降。沉降过程开始于5月末,发生在大头鳕达到80~110日龄之间。沉降时大头鳕的生长速度明显减缓,可能是由于其习性及环境变化所影响。沉降完成后进入较适宜的底栖生活环境,其生长速度逐渐恢复。In recent years,the amount of Gadus macrocephalus in the Yellow Sea was increasing with fluctuation,but the cognition of its early growth rule is relatively lacking.In this study,the otolith microstructure of 43 juvenile G.macrocephalus in the summer of 2017 was analyzed to explore the general pattern of their early growth.The relationship between their early growth,key life history processes and habitat environment changes was further explored in combination with the changes of the marine environment in the Yellow Sea during the same period.The results showed that the hatching date of the G.macrocephalus was from March 2 to April 27,2017.Based on the water temperature at the time of hatching,the spawning period was estimated to be from mid-February to early April,and the peak period was late February.After hatching,the growth rate of G.macrocephalus increased with the increase of SST.When the SST reached 15℃,G.macrocephalus began to settle.The settlement process began in late May and occurred between 80 and 110 days of daily age.The growth rate of G.macrocephalus decreased obviously during settlement,which may be caused by the change of its habit and environment.After settlement,it entered a more suitable benthic living environment and its growth rate gradually recovered.

关 键 词：黄海大头鳕 耳石微结构 孵化日期 早期生长 黄海冷水团 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]