辣椒根腐病菌对咯菌腈的敏感性及其抗性突变体的生物学性状  

Sensitivity of Fusarium solani to fludioxonil and the biological characteristics of its resistant mutants

作　　者：刘翔 姜兴印[1] 王雪婷 朱文亚 姚向峰 王金花[2] 张风文 LIU Xiang;JIANG Xingyin;WANG Xueting;ZHU Wenya;YAO Xiangfeng;WANG Jinhua;ZHANG Fengwen(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Institute of Tobacco Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,泰安271018 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第3期113-120,134,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201203);山东“双一流”奖补项目(SYL2017-XTTD11)。

摘　　要：为明确辣椒根腐病致病菌腐皮镰孢Fusarium solani对咯菌腈的抗性风险,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了采自未使用过咯菌腈的5个省份的102株腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈的敏感性。结果表明:咯菌腈对102株腐皮镰孢的EC50范围为0.029 0~0.183 4 mg/L,平均EC50为(0.106 2±0.031 5)mg/L,敏感性频率分布为连续单峰曲线,所以可将其作为供试5个省份腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈的敏感基线。通过药剂驯化和紫外诱导并结合抗性遗传稳定性最终共获得4株腐皮镰孢抗咯菌腈突变体,抗性水平在6.94~32.43倍之间,突变频率分别为3.51×10^(-4)(SDWF1914-Y336和SDWF1914-Y017)和7.41×10^(-9)(SDWF1914-ZR717和JSXZ1906-ZR496)。腐皮镰孢抗咯菌腈突变体生物学性状的研究表明,抗性突变体在菌丝生长速率、产孢量与致病力方面与亲本菌株不存在显著差异。交互抗性测定结果显示,腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈与嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、多菌灵和福美双均无交互抗性。结果表明,供试腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈较为敏感,对咯菌腈的室内抗药性风险等级为低至中等,可作为防治辣椒根腐病的理想药剂,建议在生产中将咯菌腈与不同作用机制的杀菌剂混用或交替使用。The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the sensitivity of 102 isolates of Fusarium solani to fludioxonil from five provinces where fludioxonil had not been used,aiming to clarify the resistance risk of F.solani to fludioxonil.The results indicated that the EC 50 values of these isolates to fludioxonil ranged from 0.0290 mg/L to 0.1834 mg/L,with a mean EC 50 value of(0.1062±0.0315)mg/L.The frequency distribution of susceptibility was a continuous unimodal curve,which could be used as the susceptibility baseline of the tested F.solani isolates to fludioxonil in five provinces.Four fludioxonil-resistant isolates of F.solani were obtained through medicament domestication and ultraviolet induction combined with a resistance genetic stability test.The resistance level was between 6.94-and 32.43-fold,with a mutation frequency of 3.51×10^(-4)(SDWF1914-Y336 and SDWF1914-Y017)and 7.41×10^(-9)(SDWF1914-ZR717 and JSXZ1906-ZR496),respectively.The biological characteristics of the fludioxonil-resistant mutants of F.solani exhibited no significant difference from the parental isolates in terms of hyphal growth rate,sporulation,and pathogenicity.In addition,no cross-resistance was observed in F.solani isolates between fludioxonil and azoxystrobin,kresoxim-methyl,carbendazim,and thiram.The results suggested that the tested F.solani isolates were relatively sensitive to fludioxonil,and showed low to moderate resistance.In summary,fludioxonil is an ideal agent for controlling pepper root rot,but should be mixed or alternately used with other fungicides with various mechanisms of action in agricultural production.

关 键 词：腐皮镰孢 咯菌腈 敏感性 抗性突变体 生物学性状 

分 类 号：S481.4[农业科学—农药学] S482.2[农业科学—植物保护]