卵孢小奥德蘑蛛网病病原菌的鉴定与生物学特性研究  

Identification and biological characteristics of Hypomyces aurantius,the pathogen of cobweb disease on Oudemansiella raphanipes

作　　者：李俊 秦文韬 高琳 刘宇[1] 王守现[1] 宋庆港 LI Jun;QIN Wentao;GAO Lin;LIU Yu;WANG Shouxian;SONG Qingang(Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom,Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;College of Bioscience and Resources Environment,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所,北京市食用菌工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]北京农学院生物与资源环境学院,北京102206

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第3期164-171,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(6232009);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(32002106);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20220415)。

摘　　要：卵孢小奥德蘑Oudemansiella raphanipes是近年来成功驯化栽培的一种食药兼用的珍稀菌类,近年来随着其栽培面积的不断扩大,病害发生也越来越严重。作者在北京某卵孢小奥德蘑种植基地发现疑似蛛网病,为明确其病原菌,对发病子实体进行了病原菌分离,并综合其形态学特征、多基因系统发育分析和柯赫氏法则验证的结果,将卵孢小奥德蘑蛛网病病原菌鉴定为金黄菌寄生Hypomyces aurantius(无性阶段为异形枝葡霉Cladobotryum varium)。该病原菌菌丝生长的最适温度为20℃,最适碳源为木屑,最适氮源为黄豆粉,最适pH为6,光照对菌丝生长有一定的抑制作用;产孢最适温度为20℃,最适pH为8,最适氮源为麸皮,最适碳源为木屑;孢子萌发的最适营养液为0.2%葡萄糖溶液,最适温度为25℃,最适pH为6。研究结果为进一步明确卵孢小奥德蘑蛛网病的发生规律,制定科学的防治策略奠定了基础。Oudemansiella raphanipes,one of rare fungi for both food and medicine,has been successfully domesticated and cultivated in recent years.With the expansion of the cultivation area,various diseases appear on O.raphanipes.Suspected cobweb disease was found in a planting base of O.raphanipes in Beijing.The pathogen was isolated from the diseased fruiting body and identified as Hypomyces aurantius(anamorph was Cladobotryum varium)by integrated method of morphological characteristics,multigene phylogenetic analysis and Koch’s rule verification.Biological characteristics analysis showed that the optimum temperature for mycelial growth of H.aurantius was 20℃,the optimum carbon source was sawdust,the optimum nitrogen source was soy flour,and the optimum pH value was 6,while light showed a certain inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth.The optimum temperature for spore production was 20℃,the optimum pH value was 8,the optimum nitrogen source was bran and the optimum carbon source was sawdust.The optimum nutrient solution for spore germination of H.aurantius was 0.2%glucose solution,the optimum temperature was 25℃,and the optimum pH value was 6.The results will lay foundations for further clarifying the occurrence regulation of the disease and formulating scientific control strategies.

关 键 词：卵孢小奥德蘑 蛛网病 金黄菌寄生 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]