全国口岸进口大豆中杂草籽截获情况及分析  

Analysis of Weed Seeds Intercepted in Imported Soybeans at Ports

作　　者：李林杰 刘志鹏 李金庆 刘培海 王凯 LI Linjie;LIU Zhipeng;LI Jinqing;LIU Peihai;WANG Kai(Rizhao Customs,Rizhao,Shandong 276800,China;School of Economics and Business Administration,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Yantai Customs,Yantai,Shandong 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]日照海关,山东日照276800 [2]华中师范大学经济与工商管理学院,湖北武汉430079 [3]烟台海关,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2023年第2期148-155,共8页Biological Disaster Science

摘　　要：【目的】统计分析不同来源国进口大豆中截获杂草籽的情况,形成不同的检疫方案。【方法】通过计算杂草籽的截获率来分析近十年进口大豆中截获的杂草籽的分科、分种的数据,比较巴西、美国、阿根廷进口大豆中截获的检疫性与非检疫性杂草籽情况,然后对截获情况的不同进行总结分析。【结果】不同来源国进口大豆中截获的杂草籽结果不同:在巴西进口大豆中截获杂草籽775种,分布在36科,平均每万吨检出杂草籽19种,其中检疫性杂草籽为70种,主要集中在禾本科、菊科、大戟科、苋科、豆科;在美国进口大豆中截获701种杂草籽,分布在32科,平均每万吨检出杂草籽13种,其中检疫性杂草籽为62种,主要集中在菊科、禾本科、苋科、大戟科、茄科;在阿根廷进口大豆中截获573种杂草籽,分布在21科,平均每万吨检出杂草籽13种,其中检疫性杂草籽为55种,主要集中在禾本科、菊科、大戟科、苋科、十字花科。【结论】对不同来源国进口大豆截获的杂草籽进行归纳分析,总结不同来源国进口大豆中容易截获杂草籽种类与不同来源国截获杂草籽种类之间的区别,形成不同来源国进口大豆中杂草籽的截获特点,从而针对进口大豆来源国的不同提前形成不同的检疫方案,为海关监管提供指导。[Objective]This study was conducted to analyze the situation of interception of weed seeds in soybeans imported from different countries,thus forming different quarantine schemes.[Method]Based on the comparison and analysis of the weed seeds intercepted from different countries,different quarantine schemes were formed to provide guidance for customs supervision.[Result]The results of weed seeds intercepted in soybean imports from different source countries vary.775 species of weed seeds were intercepted in soybean imports from Brazil,distributing in 36 families,and 19 weed seeds were detected per 10,000 tons on average,among which,70 species of quarantine weed seeds were mainly distributed in Gramineae,Compositae,Euphorbiaceae,Amaranthus,and Leguminosae.701 species of weed seeds were intercepted from imported soybeans in the United States,distributing in 32 families,and 13 species of weed seeds were detected on average per 10,000 tons,of which 62 species were quarantine weed seeds,mainly concentrating in Compositae,Gramineae,Amaranthus,Euphorbiaceae,and Solanaceae.573 kinds of weed seeds were intercepted from soybean imported from Argentina,distributing in 21 families,and 13 kinds of weed seeds were detected per 10,000 tons on average,of which 55 kinds were quarantine weeds seeds,mainly concentrating in Gramineae,Compositae,Euphorbiaceae,Amaranthus,and Brassicaceae.[Conclusion]The intercepted weed seeds of imported soybeans from different source countries were summarized and compared,the differences between the types of easily intercepted weed seeds and the types of intercepted weed seeds in imported soybeans from different source countries were also summarized,and the intercepted characteristics of weed seeds in imported soybeans from different source countries were thus formed.Therefore,based on the different source countries of imported soybeans,different quarantine plans could be formed in advance,providing guidance for customs supervision.

关 键 词：进口 大豆 截获 杂草籽 检疫 

分 类 号：S41-30[农业科学—植物保护]