弹道双区截装置弹丸瞬时速度测试方法研究  

Instantaneous velocity measurement method of projectile with double ballistic zone-block apparatus

作　　者：李海[1,2] 郑晨皓 赵平伟 倪晋平 武志超[1,2] LI Hai;ZHENG Chenhao;ZHAO Pingwei;NI Jinping;WU Zhichao(Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Measurement and Instrument Technology,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,China;Xi'an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学光电工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]西安机电信息技术研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《应用光学》2023年第3期571-579,共9页Journal of Applied Optics

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(20JS057)。

摘　　要：传统测试方法采用区截装置进行弹丸测速,总是假设弹丸为匀速直线运动,忽略了空气阻力等因素的影响。基于空气动力学及理论力学原理,提出一种使用两套区截测速装置进行弹丸瞬时速度测试的方法。该方法通过两个相距一定距离的测速点的速度值,计算测试过程中弹丸在测试区域飞行的速度衰减系数B,并通过B值计算得到测试区域附近弹道内任意点的瞬时速度。仿真分析表明,该方法在0.8倍音速以内的相对测量误差小于0.01%,远低于0.1%的工程误差要求。弹弓、气枪和步枪实弹实验发现,弹丸飞行速度在0.8倍音速以内或1.2倍音速以上的测试精度不低于所采用区截测速装置0.1%的精度,验证了此方法的可行性。研究为弹道综合参数测试系统的设计和优化提供了新的思路和方法。Using the traditional zone-block apparatus for the projectile velocity test,the air resistance is always ignored and the projectile is assumed to be moving in a straight line at a uniform speed.Based on the principles of aerodynamics and theoretical mechanics,a method for measuring the instantaneous velocity of projectiles using two sets of zone-block velocity measuring apparatus was proposed.The velocity attenuation coefficient B of the projectile flying in the test area was calculated by using the velocity values of two velocity measuring points separated from a certain distance.Then the instantaneous velocity of any point in the trajectory near the test area could be calculated from the B value.Simulation analyses show that the relative measurement error of this method within 0.8 times the speed of sound is less than 0.01%,which is much lower than the engineering error requirement of 0.1%.The slingshot,air gun and rifle live ammunition experiments find that the measurement accuracy of the projectile flight speed within 0.8 times or more than 1.2 times the speed of sound is not lower than the 0.1%accuracy of the zone-block apparatus,which verifies the feasibility of this method.The research provides new ideas and methods for the design and optimization of the ballistic comprehensive parameter measurement system.

关 键 词：区截测速系统 空气阻力 平均速度 瞬时速度 相对误差 

分 类 号：TN206[电子电信—物理电子学] E920[军事—军事装备学]