甲基磺酸乙酯处理对菜心种子萌发的影响及其变异表型的观察  

Effects of EMS Treatment on Seeds Germination and Variant Phenotypic of Flowering Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：甘雨薇 唐蓓蓓 陈坤豪 程雄 陈长明[1] 陈木溪 Gan Yuwei;Tang Beibei;Chen Kunhao;Cheng Xiong;Chen Changming;Chen Muxi(College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642;Guangdong Helinong Seeds,Co.,Ltd.,Shantou,515800;Guangdong Helinong Agricultural Research Institute,Co.,Ltd.,Shantou,515800;The New Countryside Development Institute,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642 [2]广东和利农种业股份有限公司,汕头515800 [3]广东和利农农业研究院有限公司,汕头515800 [4]华南农业大学新农村发展研究院,广州510642 [5]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第9期3029-3035,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(202002020007);广东省基础与应用基础研究项目(2020A1515011396);广东省农村科技特派员项目(2018A0172);广州市农村科技特派员项目(GZKTP202020)共同资助。

摘　　要：为确定甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变菜心种子的最佳条件及其诱变性状,本实验以3个不同品种菜心为材料,研究了EMS不同浓度(0%~3.5%)和不同浸泡时长对种子萌发和幼苗发育的影响。结果表明:随着EMS浓度(0%~3.5%)的提高,3种菜心种子的发芽势、发芽率和成活率均逐渐降低。同一品种在相同EMS浓度下,随着浸泡时间的延长,种子的发芽势、发芽率和成活率均显著降低。最终确定2.5%EMS浸泡4 h为诱变‘特靓王45天尖叶菜心’和‘油绿701’的最佳条件,3.0%EMS浸泡4 h为诱变‘油绿702’的最佳条件。经EMS诱变菜心幼苗的变异表型有黄化、叶缘不规则、茎部紫色或黑色等性状。本研究结果为菜心的诱变育种提供了理论依据。In order to determine the best treatment conditions and the characteristics of Chinese flowering cabbage seeds after ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutagenesis,the seed germination and seedling development that three varieties of Chinese flowering cabbage were treated by different EMS concentrations(0%~3.5%)and soaking time were investigated in this study.The results showed that the germination potential,germination rate and survival rate in three varieties of Chinese flowering cabbage were decreased,with increasing the EMS concentration(0%~3.5%).The same variety under the same EMS concentration,the germination energy,germination potential and survival rate of seeds were significantly reduced,with increasing soaking time at the same Chinese flowering cabbage and EMS concentration.Finally,the best conditions for mutagenesis of'Teliangwang45tian Jianyecaixin'and'Youlü701'were treatment by soaking 2.5%EMS for 4 h,and the best conditions for mutagenesis of'Youlü702'were treatment by soaking 3.0%EMS for 4 h.The etiolated leaves,irregular leaf margins,purple or black stems in flowering Chinese cabbage seedlings mutagenesis by EMS were observed.This study provides a theoretical basis for mutation breeding of flowering Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：菜心 EMS诱变 发芽率 基因突变 

分 类 号：S634.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]