兰州市地铁站灰尘重金属污染及健康风险评价  

Pollution evaluation and health risk assessment of heavy metals from the dust of the subway station in Lanzhou City

作　　者：李军 位静 李开明[1] 臧飞 常丽 LI Jun;WEI Jing;LI Kai-ming;ZANG Fei;CHANG Li(College of Urban Environment,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院城市环境学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期109-118,共10页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划资助项目(21JR1RA319);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41801102)。

摘　　要：以兰州市地铁站为研究对象,通过采集11个站点的站内与站外地表灰尘,分析灰尘中Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Mn和As 6种重金属含量;同时,采用地累积指数法和美国国家环保局人体健康风险评价模型对重金属污染程度和人体健康风险水平进行评价,并通过相关性-聚类分析解析重金属来源.结果表明,兰州地铁站站内与站外灰尘中Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Mn和As的平均含量相比于甘肃省和兰州市土壤背景值均存在不同程度的超标.地累积指数结果表明,站内与站外灰尘中Cu,Pb,Cr和Ni为主要污染物,且站内灰尘重金属富集程度较高.健康风险评估结果表明,地铁站内与站外地表灰尘重金属对儿童和成人既不存在非致癌健康风险,也不具有致癌健康风险.源解析显示,站内灰尘中Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Mn的富集与地铁运行和站外输入有关;站外灰尘中Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Mn则源自于交通源和工业源;站内、外灰尘中As分别与站内标识颜料和杀虫剂有关.综合来看,兰州地铁站站内和站外灰尘存在不同程度的重金属污染.The contents of heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Mn and As)in dust from the inside and outside of 11 Lanzhou subway stations were analyzed,and the pollution status of heavy metals and the potential health risks in dust were evaluated by geo-accumulation index and a health risk assessment model proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.Moreover,the potential sources of heavy metal pollutants were analyzed by correlation and cluster analysis.The results showed the mean concentrations of Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni,Mn and As in dust from the investigated areas of Lanzhou subway station exceed their corresponding background level in soils of Lanzhou City as well as Gansu Province and exist heavy metals pollution risk to some extent.The geo-accumulation index indicated that Cu,Pb,Cr and Ni are the main pollutants in dust from the inside and outside of the investigated Lanzhou subway stations.Moreover,the pollution level of the heavy metals in the inside dust of the studied subway stations is higher than that of the outside.The human health risk assessment model suggested that all the heavy metals from the inside and outside dust of the investigated subway stations have no carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children and adults.The pollution source showed that Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni and Mn in dust from the inside of subway station are related to metro operation and input of the metro outside,whereas Cu,Pb,Cr,Ni and Mn in dust from the metro outside are the mixed sources of traffic emission and industrial source emission.Furthermore,As in dust from the inside and outside of metro station is related to the mark and pigments,and pesticide,respectively.In conclusion,the dusts from the inside and outside of the Lanzhou subway stations are contaminated by heavy metals to different degrees.

关 键 词：地铁站 地累积指数 重金属 致癌风险 源解析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825