“后学院科学家”角色定位:样态、问题及对策  

The Role Orientation of"Post-academic Scientists":Modalities,Problems and Countermeasures

作　　者：薛桂波 Xue Guibo(School of Marxism,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期25-34,共10页Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology：Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&063)。

摘　　要：自科学建制化以来,科学知识生产模式经历了从学院科学到后学院科学的演绎。科学家角色由传统的单一“学院科学家”转变为包括学院科学家、产业科学家和政府科学家等多元角色样态的“后学院科学家”。随着科学活动与社会因素的深度交织,不同类型科学家的角色定位面临角色错位与异化、科学场域与社会场域“越界”、角色定位制度保障不健全、公众对科学家角色误读等诸多问题和困境,从促进科学共同体科学责任和社会责任的统一、健全科学家角色协调协作机制、构建具有实践针对性的科学伦理规范体系、推进科学教育和公众参与科技治理等多重维度分析这些问题的本质、根源及应对之策,对促进“后学院科学家”发挥角色功能、优化科技治理具有重要意义。Since the institutionalization of science,the production mode of scientific knowledge has experienced the evolution from"academic science"to"post-academic science".The role of scientists has changed from the traditional single"academic scientists"to"post-academic scientists"with multiple role modalities,including academic scientists,industrial scientists and government scientists.With the deep interweaving between scientific activities and social factors,the role orientation of different types of scientists faces many problems and dilemmas,such as role dislocation and alienation,"cross-border"issues in scientific field and social field,imperfect guarantee of role orientation system,and the public's misunderstanding scientists'role.The nature,root and countermeasures of these problems and dilemmas will be interpreted from multiple dimensions,such as promoting the unity between both scientific responsibility and social responsibility of scientific community,perfecting the coordination and cooperation mechanisms of scientists role,building a scientific ethics ruling system with practical pertinence,promoting scientific education and public participation in scientific and technological governance.It is of great significance to promote the role function of post-academic scientists and to optimize the science and technology governance.

关 键 词：后学院科学家 角色定位 多元角色样态 角色功能 科技治理 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]