生物统计理论:一种自然主义的疾病概念研究框架  

The Biostatistics Theory:A Naturalistic Research Framework of the Concept of Disease

作　　者：符征[1] 刘晓青[2] Fu Zheng;Liu Xiaoqing(School of Marxism,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475001,China;Department of Philosophy Teaching and Research,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing,100091,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学马克思主义学院,河南开封475001 [2]中共中央党校哲学教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期54-60,共7页Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology：Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD044)。

摘　　要：在关于疾病概念的哲学分析中,布尔斯提倡一种价值中立的自然主义理论。其理论基础是以个体生存与繁殖为目标的生物功能状态,在具体情况下要参照生物参考类来进行正态统计分析,其中“无价值的”偏离正常功能才是“疾病”或病理异常,而与疾病相反的情况则是“健康”。据此,布尔斯进一步区分了概念应用的不同背景,建立了一个涵盖日常用法、实践用法和理论用法的健康/疾病的等级结构。这一理论并不完善,但是作为一种典型的、关于疾病概念的自然主义分析结果,它已成为后来一系列相关讨论的目标理论。Among the philosophical analysis of the concept of disease,Christopher Boorse advocates a value-neutral naturalistic theory.It is based on a state of biological function aimed at individual survival and reproduction,in which abnormal statistical analysis is carried out in specific cases with reference to biological reference classes.In this context,"worthless"deviations from normal function are referred to as"diseases"or pathological abnormalities,while the opposite one is"health".Accordingly,Boorse further distinguishes the different backgrounds of the application of the concept and establishes a hierarchy of health/disease that demonstrates daily,practical and theoretical usages.Although not perfect,this theory,as a result of a typically naturalistic analysis on the concept of disease,has become the target theory for a number of subsequent related discussions.

关 键 词：疾病 生物统计理论 布尔斯 自然主义 规范主义 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]