欧盟生态环境损害赔偿责任制度体系及对中国的启示  

European Union’s Liability System for Remediation ofEco-environmental Damages and Its Implications for China

作　　者：欧俊 张王铭微 OU Jun;ZHANG WangMingwei(School of Law,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学法学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《江苏海洋大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第3期44-55,共12页Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University（Humanities & Social Sciences Edition）

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(2021A-019);甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目(2021YB055)。

摘　　要：生态环境本身需要得到救济这一共识,正在转化为我们的制度设计行动。有限度的责任以及严格的责任构成,是欧盟生态环境损害赔偿制度的重要特点,欧盟的生态环境损害赔偿责任制度可以给我们提供启发。中国生态环境损害赔偿责任制度的建构,要充分认识生态环境损害以及生态环境法制体系上的复杂性,抓住特定行为规制这个关键。政府、社会和私人的生态环境损害救济责任,需要进行合理地区分和界定,避免政府或社会责任的私人化。生态环境损害赔偿责任应当有限度,责任的建构要充分运用治理的理念和方法,关注责任构成要件的明晰化、多元主体参与和赔偿方式的科学合理设置。The consensus that the eco-environment itself should be remedied is promoting the design of many related systems.The practice of the EU in the liability system for remediation of eco-environmental damages could be an excellent case of study.The rigorous and strict liability formation could be recognized as one of distinctive features of the EU’s practice.To build China’s eco-environmental damages compensation system,the complexity of the eco-environmental damages and the eco-environmental legal systems should be fully concerned,and the regulation on the behaviors of some related entities should be emphasized.The remediation liability shared by the government,society and private sectors,must be identified and defined.To determine the compensation liability of the related entities,it is important to utilize the concepts and approaches of the governance,and to concern the issues of the clarification of the elements of the liability,the participation of different players,the arrangements of the compensation measures,etc.

关 键 词：生态环境损害 欧盟环境责任指令 特定行为规制 责任构成要件 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]