纵向结构优化下微喷带喷洒特性研究  

Optimizing the Structure of Micro-spray Tape to Improve Irrigation Uniformity

作　　者：李道西 刘欢 侯皓森 周庭全 卢争光 高世凯 李彦彬 LI Daoxi;LIU Huan;HOU Haosen;ZHOU Tingquan;LU Zhengguang;GAO Shikai;LI Yanbin(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第5期75-81,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52179015);河南省重点研发与推广项目(212102110031)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究纵向结构优化对微喷带喷洒特性的改善效果。【方法】以市场上常见的N42斜3孔(CK1)和N42斜5孔(CK2)微喷带为对照,探索30 m斜3孔与10 m斜5孔的组合微喷带(T31)、20 m斜3孔与20 m斜5孔的组合微喷带(T11)在4个工作压力下的喷洒特性。【结果】微喷带的压力、单孔流量、射程、水量分布范围随工作压力的增大而增大,在沿管长方向上逐渐减小;CK1、T31、T11的整体喷洒均匀度先增大后减小,CK2的整体喷洒均匀度持续增大,当T11在0.035MPa工作压力下,整体喷洒均匀度为63.8%。【结论】改变微喷带的结构和工作压力能够提高微喷带的喷洒均匀度,在微喷带末端通过减小孔间距离和增加孔数可提高喷洒均匀度。不同结构的微喷带存在不同的最优工作压力,应根据微喷带的结构选择合适的工作压力。【Objective】Micro-spray irrigation is a common technology used for different purposes.The aim of this paper is to experimentally study how to improve spraying uniformity by optimizing the structure of the spray tapes.【Method】The two commercial spray tapes,N32 slant 3-hole(CK1)and N32 slant 5-hole(CK2)were used as references.We studied the improvement of the 30 m slant 3-hole combined with 10 m slant 5-hole micro spray tape(T31),as well as the 20 m slant 3-hole combined with 20 m slant 5-hole micro spray tape(T32),compared to the references.Each micro-spray tape was tested under four working pressures.【Result】With the increase in working pressure,water pressure in the tapes,single-hole flow rate,spraying distance,water distribution area all increased.With the increase in working pressure,these factors gradually decreased in the direction of the tube rectangle,though the decrease varied with spray tape.With the increases in working pressure,the spraying uniformity of CK1,T31 and T11 increased first and then decreased,while the uniformity of CK2 consistently increased.When working pressure was 0.035 MPa,the overall spray uniformity of T11 was 63.8%,the highest among all treatments.【Conclusion】Optimizing the structure of micro spray tape combined with adjusting working pressure can improve spray uniformity of the micro spray irrigation.Reducing the space between adjacent holes(i.e.,to increase the number of holes)at the end of the tape can improve spraying uniformity.For the four micro-spray tapes we tested,each micro spray tape has an associated optimal working pressure,and correctly setting the working pressure is hence important to improve irrigation efficiency and uniformity.

关 键 词：微喷带 工作压力 结构优化 喷洒特性 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]