废轮胎热解炭黑改性方法及对天然橡胶的增强效应  

Modification method and reinforcing effect of waste tire pyrolytic carbon black on natural rubber

作　　者：房海滨[1] 李挺松 周平 蔡小慧[1] 辛振祥[1] FANG Hai-bin;LI Ting-song;ZHOU Ping;CAI Xiao-hui;XIN Zhen-xiang(School of Polymer Science and Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2023年第3期248-254,共7页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

摘　　要：采用干法改性,分别以3种改性树脂PA、PF-203、Polstal-PC为改性剂,使用行星式球磨机对废轮胎热解炭黑(CB_(p))进行处理,探究改性前后CB_(p)的理化性质和结构的变化,并考察所得改性CB_(p)的增强性能及改性CB_(p)对天然橡胶硫化特性、交联密度、力学性能、动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,延长球磨时间会降低CB_(p)的粒径;改性树脂Polstal-PC的助磨效果最为明显,与未改性CB_(p)相比,由Polstal-PC改性的CB_(p)的总比表面积由65.1 m^(2)/g增至97.4 m^(2)/g,外表面的比表面积由63.0 m^(2)/g增至71.6 m^(2)/g;3种改性剂均有助于天然橡胶的硫化作用,添加改性树脂Polstal-PC改性CB_(p)可明显提高天然橡胶硫化胶的拉伸强度、300%定伸应力和交联密度,添加增黏树脂PA改性CB_(p)会导致天然橡胶硫化胶的定伸应力下降和交联密度降低;改性树脂Polstal-PC改性CB_(p)对天然橡胶的增强作用最强,当其添加量为2份(质量,下同)时,天然橡胶硫化胶具有最佳的综合性能,其对天然橡胶硫化胶滚动阻力的提升大于抗湿滑性能的损失,但其添加量超过3份时天然橡胶硫化胶的储能模量明显增大。A planetary ball mill was used to treat the pyrolytic carbon black(CB_(p))of waste tire by dry modification with 3 types of modified resins,PA,PF-203 and Polstal-PC as the modifiers,the changes of physico-chemical properties and structure of CB_(p) before and after modification were explored,and the effects of modified CB_(p) on curing characteristics,cross-linking density,mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber were investigated.The results showed that the particle size of CB_(p) decreased with the extension of milling time.The mo-dified resin Polstal-PC had the most obvious grinding effect,and compared with unmodified CB_(p),the total specific surface area of CB_(p) modified by Polstal-PC increased from 65.1 m^(2)/g to 97.4 m^(2)/g and the specific surface area of the outer surface increased from 63.0 m^(2)/g to 71.6 m^(2)/g.All of the 3 type of modifiers contributed to vulcanization of natural rubber,and CB_(p) modified by Polstal-PC could significantly improve tensile strength,modulus at 300%and cross-linking density of natural rubber vulcanizate,and the addition of CB_(p) modified by tackifying resin PA could cause the decrease of modulus and cross-linking density.CB_(p) modified by Polstal-PC had the best enhancement effect on natural rubber,and natural rubber vulcanizate showed the best comprehensive performance when the addition amount of CB_(p) modified by Polstal-PC was 2 phr(mass,similarly hereinafter),and as far as CB_(p) modified by Polstal-PC was concerned,the improvement of rolling resistance of natural rubber vulcanizate was better than the loss of wet skid resistance.However,storage modulus of natural rubber vulcanizate increased significantly when the addition amount of CB_(p) modified by Polstal-PC was more than 3 phr.

关 键 词：干法改性 废轮胎 热解炭黑 改性树脂 球磨改性 力学性能 动态力学性能 PAYNE效应 

分 类 号：TQ330.381[化学工程—橡胶工业]