舟山方言“是”字句生成句法研究  

A Generative Study of“shi”Comparatives in Zhoushan Dialect

作　　者：周静娜 陈宗利[1] 吴丽环[2] Zhou Jingna;Chen Zongli;Wu Lihuan(Ludong University,School of Foreign Languages,School of Foreign Languages,Yantai Shandong 264025;East China University of Science and Technology,School of Foreign Languages,Shanghai 200237)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学外国语学院,山东烟台264025 [2]华东理工大学外国语学院,上海200237

出　　处：《语言科学》2023年第2期137-147,共11页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：山东省社科规划重点项目(16BZWJ07);山东省社科规划项目(09CWXZ18)资助。

摘　　要：同汉语其它方言中的差比句相比,吴语舟山方言中含“是”差比句(简称“是”字句)具有更为复杂的内部结构,主要表现为它带有一个显性的话题和一个显性的焦点成分。具体说来,“是”前的比较基准和“是”后的比较主体分别是话题和焦点,而“是”则是焦点标记。从句法生成的角度来说,“是”字句同其它差比句具有相同的基础结构,即由双层DegP扩充来的TP结构,但其派生过程却要复杂得多,还要涉及焦点侧向移位、焦点短语FocP投射和话题基础生成并投射等句法操作。It is proposed that compared to comparative clauses in other Chinese dialects,“shi”comparatives in Zhoushan,a subdialect of Wu,have a more complex internal structure,mainly in that they contain an explicit topic as well as an explicit focus.Specifically,the comparative target preceding“shi”and the comparative standard after“shi”are the topic and the focus respectively,with“shi”as a focus marker.Derivationally,“shi”comparatives share the same basic structure with other comparatives,i.e.,they all contain a TP structure expanded by a DegP-shell.However,the derivation of“shi”comparatives is much more complicated,involving such syntactic operations as sideward movement of focus,projection of the focus phrase(FocP),base-generation of the topic,as well as the projection of the Topic Phrase(TopP).

关 键 词：差比句 舟山方言 “是”字句 话题 焦点 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]