山东东区方言知庄章二分的音值及其与精组声母的关系  

The Phonetic Value of Zhi-Zhuang-Zhang Dichotomy in Eastern Shandong Dialects and Its Relationship with the Initial Consonants of the Jing Initial Group

作　　者：张树铮 林珈亦 Zhang Shuzheng;Lin Jiayi(School of Literature,Shandong University,Ji’nan Shandong 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学院,济南山东250100

出　　处：《语言科学》2023年第2期179-193,共15页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：山东东区方言中古知庄章三组声母二分,其类型已有概括,但其音值问题尚待进一步澄清。根据近年来的调查,可以得出如下主要结论:1)知三章组声母读舌叶音者占东区的大多数,但不同地点的舌叶音实际上具有不同音色,应该分为三种:与■组相近的■类,与■组相近的■类,与■都不相近的■类。2)潍坊等地的■声母是舌尖背部(下舌叶)构成阻碍而发出的音。3)县城点知三章组读?组的类型可以取消,但不排除非县城点有此类型。4)知三章组声母是否拼细音韵母与舌叶音的类型有关。5)精组洪音读齿间音的现象与知三章组读■类共现,应系受后者推挤而形成。6)有些方言如栖霞、烟台等地知三章组与精组细音同读舌叶音或同读舌面前音,这种现象在100多年前已经见于美国传教士对蓬莱和烟台方音的记录。总之,对知庄章组声母音值的细致分析既有利于准确描写语言事实,也有利于解释共时的音类分布,同时也为研究古知庄章组、精组等声母的演变提供了更多线索。Although the number of categories of the dichotomy in“zhi-zhuang-zhang”initial groups in the eastern Shandong dialects has largely been addressed,their phonetic value still need to be further clarified.According to the investigation in recent years,the following main conclusions can be drawn:1)Most of the third class of“zhi”and“zhang”initial group are pronounced as palatal-alveolar in the east area,but the sounds in different places actually have different timbres,which should be divided into three types:the series of/■s/,which is similar to the series of/ts/;the series of/■/,which is similar to the series of//;the series of/■0/,which is not similar to the series of ts or//.2)The/■2/,/■2/,/■2/in Weifang and other places are the sounds pronounced by the back of the tip of the tongue(sub-laminal).3)The type of series of/ts/,which is originated from the third class of“zhi”and“zhang”group can be cancelled,but this type is not excluded in villages and towns.4)It depends on the pronunciation type of palatal-alveolar whether the initials of the third class of“zhi”and“zhang”group can be spelt with the front-open vowels.5)The“jing”initial group that are spelt with broad sounds are pronunced as inter-dental,which co-occur with the phenomenon of“zhi”and“zhang”group that are pronounced as the series of/■s/resulting from the fomer series being pushed by the latter series.6)Both the third class of“zhi”and“zhang”group and the Jing group which are spelt with the front-open vowels are pronounced as palatal-alveolar,it can be uniformly explained as the Jing group being attracted by the third class of“zhi”and“zhang”group and the pronunciation of the anterior lingual sound that follows.A careful analysis of the phonetic value of“zhi-zhuang-zhang”group and Jing group is not only conducive to accurately describing the linguistic facts,but also conducive to explaining the synchronic distribution of consoants,and at the same time provides more clues for s

关 键 词：山东东区方言 知庄章 音值 舌叶音 齿间音 胶辽官话 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]