混播人工草地建植初期对黑土滩植被和土壤的恢复效果  

Restoration Effects of Mixed Sowing Artificial Grassland on Vegetation and Soil of Black Soil Land at the Initial Planting Stage

作　　者：常涛 李珊 李以康[1] 徐文华[1] 孙建 张中华 马丽 秦瑞敏 苏洪烨 胡雪 阿的哈则 袁访 李宏林 周华坤[1] CHANG Tao;LI Shan;LI Yi-kang;XU Wen-hua;SUN Jian;ZHANG Zhong-hua;MA Li;QIN Rui-min;SU Hong-ye;HU Xue;A Di-ha-ze;YUAN Fang;LI Hong-lin;ZHOU Hua-kun(Qinghai Key Laboratory of Cold Restoration Ecology,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;National Key Laboratory of Earth System and Resources and Environment on Tibetan Plateau,Institute of Tibetan Plateau,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室,北京100101 [3]青海大学,青海西宁810016 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第5期1546-1555,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室开放课题(TPESER202209);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U21A20186);青海省自然科学基金创新团队项目(2021-ZJ-902);2020年中国科学院"西部之光"创新交叉团队-重点实验室专项课题(CASLWC-2021);中国科学院-青海省人民政府三江源国家公园联合研究专项2020年度项目(YHZX-2020-08)资助。

摘　　要：为探究不同混播的人工草地建植初期对黑土滩的影响,本研究设置三种混播组合,分别是上繁草组合(垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、同德短芒披碱草(Elymus breviaristatus),SF),下繁草组合(冷地早熟禾(Poa araratica)、中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)、星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora),XF),上繁草+下繁草组合(垂穗披碱草、同德短芒披碱草、冷地早熟禾、中华羊茅、星星草,SFXF),研究人工草地建植后植物群落和土壤养分的变化特征,筛选出最佳恢复组合。结果表明,人工草地建植显著增加植物地上生物量(P<0.05),但降低了植物多样性(P<0.05);人工草地建植改善了土壤性质和养分条件,显著增加土壤含水量(P<0.05)和土壤硝态氮含量(P<0.05),显著降低土壤0~20 cm的铵态氮含量(P<0.05);采用主成分分析法对三种人工草地建植组合进行分析排序,得出SFXF为最优恢复组合。In order to explore the effect of different combinations of sowing plants of artificial grassland on the black soil land at the early stage of restoration,three combinations were set up in this study,namely,upper grasses combination:Elymus nutans,Elymus breviaristatus,SF;lower grasses combination:Poa araratica,Festuca sinensis,Puccinellia tenuiflora,XF;upper+lower grasses combinations:Elymus nutans,Elymus breviaristatus,Poa araratica,Festuca sinensis,Puccinellia tenuiflora,SFXF.Plant community characteristics and soil nutrient changes under those three mixed combinations were investigated and the best outcome of the restoration combination was selected.The results showed that the three mixed combinations after planting establishment significantly increased above-ground vegetation biomass(P<0.05),but reduced plant diversity(P<0.05);the planting establishment of all mixed combinations improved soil properties and nutrients,significantly increased soil water content(P<0.05),and soil nitrate(P<0.05);and significantly reduced soil ammonium content from 0 to 20 cm(P<0.05).The SFXF were ranked as the best combination among the three mixed by principal component analysis.

关 键 词：混播组合 植被特征 土壤养分 黑土滩 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]