播种方式和密度对青海草地早熟禾建植初期植株的影响  

Response of Seeding Mode and Sowing Density to Plant Component Characters in the Early Stage Establishment of Poa pratensis L.‘Qinghai’

作　　者：景美玲 李积雅 杨增增 马玉寿[2] JING Mei-ling;LI Ji-ya;YANG Zeng-zeng;MA Yu-shou(College of Ecological Environment and Resources,Qinghai Nationalities University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810007,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai university,Xining,Qinghai Province 810006,China)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学生态环境与资源学院,青海西宁810007 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810006

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第5期1556-1563,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青海省青年基金项目,青海草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.CV Qinghai)无性生殖机理研究(2019-ZJ-987Q);青海民族大学高层次人才项目(2018XJG08)资助。

摘　　要：为探索不同播种方式和播种密度及其交互效应对青海草地早熟禾植株构件性状的影响,本研究以青海草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.‘Qinghai’)为试验材料,采用两因素设计(不同播种方式和不同播种密度),研究牧草生产性能和根系变化特征,以期为青海草地早熟禾人工草地的合理建植及可持续管理提供依据。结果表明:播种方式和播种密度均对地上、地下生物量、地下芽数量、根系表面积、根系体积、根系直径、根系长度影响极显著,两者交互对根系长度和地下芽数量影响极显著。地上生物量与根系表面积的最佳种植组合为撒播与6478粒·m^(-2)播种密度,地下芽数量的最佳种植组合为15 cm行距与2782粒·m^(-2)播种密度。青海草地早熟禾生长初期植株重点建植地下根系,间接影响地上生物量。The aim of this study was to explore the effects and interaction effect of different seeding mode and sowing density on component characters of Poa pratensis L.‘Qinghai’in the early establishment of artificial grassland on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.We used P.pratensis L.‘Qinghai’as the test material and a two-factor design(seeding mode and sowing density)was adopted.It was analyzed that the forage yield and root characteristics of P.pratensis L.‘Qinghai’in the three seeding modes of the row spacing of 15 cm and 30 cm and the broadcast sowing,and the three sowing densities of 1956 grains·m^(-2),3260 grains·m^(-2)and 4565 grains·m^(-2)to get a fundament for the rational planting and sustainable management of production of P.pratensis L.‘Qinghai’in the artificial grassland on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The results showed that seeding mode and sowing density had significant effects on aboveground and underground biomass,the number of underground buds,root surface area,root volume,root diameter and root length(P<0.01).The interaction effect of seeding mode and sowing density had significant effects on root length and the number of underground buds.The optimal planting combination of above-ground biomass and root surface area was broadcast-sowing and 6478 grain·m^(-2)seeding density,and the optimal planting combination of underground bud number was 15 cm row spacing and 2782 grain·m^(-2)seeding density.The early stage of P.pratensis L.‘Qinghai’establishment in artificial grassland was mainly shaped by the underground system of that species,which could indirectly affect its aboveground biomass.

关 键 词：青海草地早熟禾 播种密度 根系特征 播种方式 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S604[农业科学—园艺学]