华北平原区饲用小黑麦与褐色中脉高丹草复种模式研究  

Research on Double Cropping Pattern of the Forage Triticale and Brown Midrib Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense in North China Plain

作　　者：武瑞鑫[1] 石霞 贾文娟 游永亮[1] 赵海明[1] 李源[1] WU Rui-xin;SHI Xia;JIA Wen-juan;YOU Yong-liang;ZHAO Hai-ming;LI Yuan(Dryland Farming Institute,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Forage Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province,Hengshui,Hebei Province 053000,China;Zhongyinlong Agricultural Technology(HeiBei)Co.Ltd.,Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province 050000,China;Ningxia Xibei Agriculture Forestry Animal Husbandry Ecological Technology Co.Ltd.,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所/河北省牧草技术创新中心,河北衡水053000 [2]中茵垄农业科技(河北)有限公司,河北石家庄050000 [3]宁夏西贝农林牧生态科技有限公司,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第5期1571-1577,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34);河北省农林科学院创新工程课题(2022KJCXZX-HZS-4)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨华北平原区饲用小黑麦(×Triticale)与褐色中脉高丹草(Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense)复种的可行性。于2019—2022年,本研究采用试验与示范结合的方式,从两种饲草的播期效应、种植密度、效益等方面进行了分析,结果表明,二者可进行上下茬搭配,形成复种,创建了饲用小黑麦与褐色中脉高丹草一年两作复种的模式,可实现饲草周年生产。与冬小麦-夏玉米模式相比,该模式经济效益显著,每公顷纯效益较冬小麦-夏玉米模式高3060元。节水、省肥、节药效果明显,每公顷节水1500~2250 m3;每公顷氮、磷、钾肥分别减少45%,50%,50%;全生育期无需农药防治虫害,是一种绿色、无公害的生产模式。饲用小黑麦与高丹草复种模式适宜在华北平原农区推广利用。In order to learn about the feasibility for the double cropping of the forage triticale and brown Midrib Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense in North China Plain,the sowing date effect,planting density,and benefit analysis of the double cropping of those two forage grasses were examined with the data collected in the experiments and field demonstrations from 2019 to 2022.The results showed that the forage triticale could match with the sequent crop,brown midrib Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanens to form a double cropping bundle,which was the double cropping pattern of those two crops,with a new outcome of the forage production around year.Compared to the double cropping pattern of winter wheat and summer corn,this pattern had remarkable economic benefits of 3060 Yuan·hm-2 higher than that of the winter wheat-summer corn double pattern.The effects of saving water,less fertilizer application and pesticide usage reduction of this pattern was obvious.Compared to the pattern of winter wheat-summer corn,this pattern could save water 1500~2250 m 3·hm-2,and use less nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to 45%,50%,and 50%per hectare.This forage triticale and Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense double pattern was a mode of green and pollution-free forage production,because it did not need any pesticides to control pest throughout the growth period.This pattern would be suitable for popularization and application in North China plain.

关 键 词：饲用小黑麦 ‘冀饲3号’ 褐色中脉 高丹草 ‘冀草6号’ 复种模式 

分 类 号：S512.4[农业科学—作物学]