无位置传感器BLDC电机的启动方法与控制研究  

Research on Starting Method and Control of Sensorless BLDC Motor

作　　者：尹建兵 霍佳丽 陈琳 YIN Jianbing;HUO Jiali;CHEN Lin(Hangzhou Power Supply Company of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第9期118-123,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(5211HZ21004H)。

摘　　要：传统的无位置传感器控制通过电机的反电动势来检测电机位置,可以有效降低硬件成本和占用面积,但存在启动困难和启动反向转动等问题。基于此,提出一种施加脉冲电流并检测绕组电感变化量的方法来确定初始转子位置,并配合FOC算法控制BLDC电机平稳高效运行。分析控制超前角优化和电机的抗负载扰动性能,进一步提高整个系统的运行效率和抗干扰能力。最后搭建实验样机对其进行实验验证,实验结果表明该样机能够在无位置传感器的前提下实现无反向转动且高效可靠的启动,同时在FOC闭环控制下实现高效运作。The traditional sensorless control detects the motor position by using the back electromotive force of the motor,which can effectively reduce the hardware cost and occupied area,but there are some problems such as start-up difficulty and start-up reverse rotation.Aiming at those problems,a method of applying pulse current and detecting the change of winding inductance was proposed to determine the initial rotor position,and cooperated with FOC algorithm to control the smooth and efficient operation of BLDC motor.In addition,the optimization of control advance angle and the anti-load disturbance performance of the motor were analyzed,which further improved the operation efficiency and anti-interference ability of the whole system.Finally,an experimental prototype was built to verify it.The experimental results show that the prototype can realize no reverse rotation,efficient and reliable start-up without position sensor,and realize efficient operation under FOC closed-loop control.

关 键 词：无位置传感器 BLDC电机 FOC算法 超前角 抗负载扰动 

分 类 号：TM33[电气工程—电机]