日本政治决策机制的新变化和特点  

Changes of Japan’s Political Decision-making Mechanism

作　　者：孟明铭 MENG Mingming

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院日本研究所,北京100007

出　　处：《东北亚学刊》2023年第3期122-132,150,共12页Journal of Northeast Asia Studies

摘　　要：冷战后特别是安倍晋三长期执政时期,日本逐渐构建起了以首相为主导、行政官僚和执政党(自民党)为辅助的政治决策机制。2020年以来,肆虐的疫情及国际变局对于这一机制产生了空前冲击,影响了从安倍政府末期至岸田文雄时期的政局发展。尽管政治决策机制遭遇动荡考验,但总体可控,作为其支撑的各项制度、环境和认知性因素仍发挥着作用。未来日本政府应会针对该机制存在的缺陷,进一步加强集权化趋势。After the end of The Cold War,especially in the long-term ruling era of Shinzo Abe,Japan has gradually built a political decision-making mechanism led by the Prime Minister,supplemented by administrative bureaucrats and Japanese Liberal Democratic Party(LDP).However,since 2020,the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic and international changes have had an unprecedented impact on this mechanism,affecting the political development from the late Abe administration to Fumio Kishida administration.Although the political decision-making mechanism has been tested by turbulence,it is generally controllable,and various institutional,environmental and cognitive factors that support it are still playing a stabilizing role.In the future,the Japanese government should further strengthen the centralization against the existing defects of the mechanism.

关 键 词：日本政治决策 决策机制 首相集权 自由民主党 岸田文雄 

分 类 号：D731.3[政治法律—政治学]