我国传统农业时期“禁杀牛”制度史论  

Discussion of the"Ban on Cattle Killing"System in Chinese Traditional Agricultural Period

作　　者：孙骥 孙金荣 SUN Ji;SUN Jin-rong(School of Humanities and Law,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580;College of Public Administration,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)文法学院,山东青岛266580 [2]山东农业大学公共管理学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农史》2023年第2期16-25,共10页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“生态环境司法禁令制度的基本原理与程序实施研究”(21BFX143);山东省社科规划研究重点项目“山东省重要农业文化遗产调查与保护开发利用研究”(16BZWJ02);山东省科协项目“农业文化资源保护开发利用的理论与实践”(鲁科协办发[2017]39号)。

摘　　要：传统农业时期的“禁杀牛”不仅是一项农业制度,也是基于整体主义视角的长期性国家治理方略。通过制度史梳理可以发现,“禁杀牛”最早起源于周礼,并随国家治理的需要不断发展。演进中,“禁杀牛”制度经历了孕育、形成、强化、完善、成熟五个历史阶段。纵观整个传统农业时期,“禁杀牛”制度具有礼法合一性、连贯完整性、普遍入罪性、伦理变通性等特征。作为一项重要制度,“禁杀牛”具有多重价值。农业经济层面,“禁杀牛”有利于实现对农业生产资料的保护,推动生产力发展。国家治理视阈下“,禁杀牛”对维护等级与宗法制度、稳定社会治安、巩固边疆具有重要价值。The"ban on cattle killing"in the traditional agricultural period is not only an agricultural system,but also a long-term national governance strategy based on a holistic perspective.Through the analysis of institutional history,it can be found that the"ban on cattle killing"originated in Zhou Li at the earliest and has continued to develop with the needs of national governance.During the evolution,the"ban on cattle killing"has gone through five historical stages:gestation,formation,strengthening,perfection,and maturity.Throughout the entire traditional agricultural period,the"ban on cattle killing"has the characteristics of the unity of etiquette and law,institutional coherence,universal criminality,and ethical flexibility.As an important system,the"ban on cattle killing"has multiple values.At the level of agricultural economy,the"ban on cattle killing"is conducive to the protection of agricultural production means and the promotion of productivity.From the perspective of national governance,the"ban on cattle killing"is of great value in maintaining the hierarchy and patriarchal system,stabilizing social order,and consolidating frontiers.

关 键 词：禁杀牛 传统农业时期 制度史论 农耕文明 国家治理 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]