土壤碳氮特征沿干旱梯度时空格局及对气候变化的响应——基于中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)长期定位监测数据  

Spatio-temporal patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen characteristics along aridity gradients and their responses to climate change:Based on long-term field observation data of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network

作　　者：赵玮[1] 王新兴 杨昊天 杨荣 叶学华[5] 刘新平 曾凡江[7] 马健[8] 李向义[7] 高永平 刘宇[1,9] 于秀波 ZHAO Wei;WANG Xinxing;YANG Haotian;YANG Rong;YE Xuehua;LIU Xinping;ZENG Fanjiang;MA Jian;LI Xiangyi;GAO Yongping;LIU Yu;YU Xiubo(Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network,Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Naiman Desertification Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Fukang Station of Desert Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室中国生态系统研究网络综合中心,北京100101 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,兰州730000 [4]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院临泽内陆河流域研究站,兰州730000 [5]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [6]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站,兰州730000 [7]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,乌鲁木齐830011 [8]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所阜康荒漠生态国家野外科学观测研究站,乌鲁木齐830011 [9]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第9期3582-3591,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目(121311KYSB20170004);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19020305);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2020M670439)。

摘　　要：土壤碳氮含量及其化学计量特征是表征生态系统碳汇能力和土壤质量的重要指标,在支撑生态系统结构功能以及缓解气候变化中起着关键作用。利用中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)长期定位监测数据,分析了土壤碳氮特征沿干旱梯度的时空规律及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:空间上,典型荒漠草原生态系统随着干旱加剧,土壤有机碳和全氮含量减少,土壤有机碳对干旱响应的敏感性降低,而土壤全氮对干旱响应的敏感性增加,土壤有机碳随土壤全氮含量的增加而增加。时间上,2005—2018年,荒漠草原生态系统土壤有机碳和全氮含量变化速率沿干旱梯度表现出由负转正的增加趋势,其中,干旱区呈减少趋势,半干旱和半湿润地区呈增加趋势,鄂尔多斯站和沙坡头站呈显著增加趋势。从影响因素来看,土壤碳氮特征对降水量增加的敏感性沿干旱梯度呈现出先增强后减弱的“上凸”抛物线趋势,温度变化对土壤碳氮特征的调控没有表现出明显的干旱梯度效应。土壤碳氮比、土壤有机碳含量、土壤全氮含量对降水量和平均温度变化响应的敏感性均依次降低。不同干旱梯度土壤碳氮特征的变化规律为未来气候变化下生态系统结构与功能预测提供科学依据。Soil organic carbon content(SOC),soil total nitrogen content(TN)and its ecological stoichiometric characteristics indicate the carbon sink efficiency and soil quality of ecosystem,and play the critical role in supporting ecosystem structure and function and mitigating climate change.Using long-term field observation data of ecological stations of the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network(CERN),this study analyzed the spatio-temporal patterns of the SOC,TN and its stoichiometric characteristics of soil,and their responses to climate change along aridity gradient.Results showed that with the aridity intensifying spatially,the SOC and TN decreased,the response sensitivity of SOC to aridity decreased and that of the TN increased.The SOC was increased along the TN increasing.Temporally,the rate of SOC and TN changes with aridity gradient showed increased with the aridity mitigating,which were negative in the aridity region and positive in semi-arid region from 2005 to 2018.The SOC and TN of Shapotou station and Erdos station were significant increased with aridity change in past more than one decade.Additionally,the response sensitivity of the SOC,TN and stoichiometric characteristics to precipitation increasing showed an"upwardly convex"pattern,which firstly increased and then decreased with the aridity gradient,but none for temperature.The response sensitivity of the SOC,TN and carbon-nitrogen ratio to changes in precipitation and temperature were as follows:the sensitivity of soil carbon-nitrogen ratio>the sensitivity of SOC>the sensitivity of TN.It is implied that the rule of the SOC,TN and its ecological stoichiometric characteristics changes in different aridity gradient region provide the scientific basis for the of ecosystem structure and function prediction under future climate change.

关 键 词：荒漠草原生态系统 土壤碳氮 化学计量 干旱梯度 水热调控 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学] P467[生物学—普通生物学]