元末江浙地区的筑城活动与地方政局的变动  

The Fortification Activities and the Evolution of the Local Political Situation in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Regions in the Late Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：陈彩云 郑凯伦 CHEN Caiyun;ZHENG Kailun(Center for Jiangnan Cultural Studies,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学江南文化研究中心,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《安徽史学》2023年第3期24-32,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“族群政治与元初江南统治研究”(19BZS047)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：元代江浙地区各城市的城墙普遍遭到拆毁,或严重失修,至元末动乱,江浙各方势力混战角逐,官府方才开始重视筑城活动。此外,张士诚、朱元璋、方国珍等各割据势力都相当重视筑城的军事功能,但受地理环境、经济条件的限制,筑城策略各不相同。筑城一定程度上保护了民众生命安全,也是江浙各方割据对峙局面得以形成的重要因素。但是张士诚、方国珍等势力的频繁筑城活动带来大规模的劳役征发,惊人的物资消耗,给江浙民众带来沉重的负担。而所筑坚城在朱元璋进攻下,未起到应有作用,徒留给世人“众志方可成城”的感慨。元末筑城对江浙诸城市的外围形态、空间布局有着重要的影响,并影响了明初筑城的方向与策略。This paper argued that the walls of cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions were generally demolished or seriously damaged under the influence of national policies in the early Yuan Dynasty,and at the end of the Yuan Dynasty,the society was in turmoil and the local forces of all parties in these regions scrambled for control,thus arose the fortification activities.The separatist forces,such as Zhang Shicheng,Zhu Yuanzhang,and Fang Guozhen,all attached great importance to the military function of the fortification,but they had different strategies for fortifications and city walls,due to different geographical environments and economic conditions.The fortification of the city protected the lives of the people to a certain extent,and was also an important factor in the formation of a confrontation between different parties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions.The frequent fortification activities brought about large-scale labor levies,astonishing material consumption,and heavy burdens to the people of Jiangsu and Zhejiang,and ultimately caused serious disasters in people’s lives.However,under the attack of Zhu Yuanzhang,the strong fortification by Zhang Shicheng and Fang Guozhen did not play their due role,and most of them surrendered without a fight,leaving the world with the feeling that“all wills can become cities”.The fortification of the city in the late Yuan Dynasty had an important impact on the peripheral morphology and spatial layout of cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang,and also affected the direction and strategy of the fortification of the city in the early Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：元末 江浙 筑城 地方势力 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]