道光萧条与太平天国时期通货膨胀内在关系研究  

Research on the Internal Relationship between Daoguang Depression and Inflation in the Period of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

作　　者：田牛 TIAN Niu(Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学中国史博士后科研流动站,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《安徽史学》2023年第3期41-49,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(21VGQ017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：太平天国时期,清政府被迫实行财政赤字货币化政策,引发中国近代史上第一次通货膨胀。既有研究认为全国性战争是导致通货膨胀主要原因,甚至将清廷发行货币弥补财政亏空作为其腐朽反映。然而,从较长时间段观察以及与川楚白莲教起义时期清政府财政、货币问题对比后发现,太平天国时期通货膨胀具有较深层的历史原因。道光朝以来,因世界性白银减产造成用银国通货紧缩、经济萧条,进而引起财政危机。外患的不期而至进一步引发财政枯竭,在各种因素共同作用下,咸丰初年清政府已经陷入财政困境。太平天国起义的爆发仅是压断骆驼脊梁的最后一根稻草。During the period of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom,the Qing government was forced to implement the monetization policy of fiscal deficit due to war consumption,which caused the first inflation in modern Chinese history.Some studies think that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is the main cause of inflation,and even regard the issue of money to make up for the fiscal deficit as a reflection of its corruption.After a long period of observation and comparison with the financial and monetary problems of the Qing government during the Bailian uprising in Sichuan and Chu,the author finds that the inflation in the period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has a deeper historical reason.Since the Daoguang Dynasty,the world-wide reduction of silver production has resulted in deflation and economic depression in the countries using silver,and then caused financial crisis.In the early years of Xianfeng,the Qing government had entered the financial crisis.The outbreak of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is only the last straw to break the camel’s back.

关 键 词：通货膨胀 太平天国 财政危机 道光萧条 

分 类 号：K253[历史地理—历史学] K254[历史地理—中国史]