连续放电下涡流效应对脉冲电感线圈温升的影响  

Effect of eddy current on temperature rise of pulsed inductor coil under continuous discharge

作　　者：祝明智 张亚东 胡元潮[1] ZHU Mingzhi;ZHANG Yadong;HU Yuanchao(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《电工电能新技术》2023年第5期47-56,共10页Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy

摘　　要：脉冲电感线圈可产生脉冲强磁场,可应用于电磁发射、电磁成型、脉冲功率电源等多个领域。线圈通过脉冲大电流,在产生强磁场的同时,由于焦耳热温度会急剧升高,温度过高可能会使线圈发生结构损坏。考虑涡流效应单次放电时电流会集中在导体外表薄层,从而使得局部电阻和温升增高,连续放电时由于线圈存在散热过程,导线温度会重新分布,是否还需要考虑涡流效应对线圈温升的影响,目前没有相关分析。因此,本文针对连续放电下涡流效应对脉冲电感线圈温升的影响,建立了二维电感线圈电磁-热多物理场瞬态耦合传热模型。首先,计算了绝热条件下的导线温升,与理论公式所得导线温升进行对比,验证了仿真所建模型的准确性;然后分析了单次放电时考虑涡流效应与加载均匀电流时电感线圈电流密度以及温升的分布特点,对比了两种加载方式下线圈不同时刻的温升差异;最后对连续放电条件下两种加载方式的线圈温升进行了对比分析,结果表明:1 ms电流峰值时刻考虑涡流效应的线圈存在严重的集肤效应,导线外表面温升最高,20 ms时刻由于温度的累积效应以及导线热传递作用,导线各匝温度分布均匀,与加载均匀电流的导线温升一致;六次放电后,放电间隔分别为6 s与50 s时,考虑涡流比未考虑涡流的导线最高温度分别高0.94℃和0.44℃,误差分别为0.69%和0.34%,说明涡流效应在连续放电时对线圈温升影响较小。Pulse inductor coil can generate pulsed strong magnetic field,and can be applied to electromagnetic emission,electromagnetic molding,pulse power supply in the wave regulation inductance and other fields.The coil passes through a pulse of large currents,and while generating a strong magnetic field,the temperature will rise sharply due to Joule heating,and the too high temperature may cause structural damage to the coil.When considering the eddy current effect,the current will be concentrated in the thin layer on the surface of the conductor,so that the local resistance and temperature rise will increase,and the local temperature of the wire will continue to increase during continuous discharge,thereby reducing the efficiency of the coil.So it is necessary to accurately analyze the temperature rise characteristics of the coil.In this paper,a two-dimensional electromagnetic-thermal multiphysics transient coupled heat transfer model of inductor coil is established based on the effect of eddy current effect on the temperature rise of pulsed inductor coil under continuous discharge.Firstly,the wire temperature rise under insulation conditions is calculated,and then the wire temperature rise obtained by the theoretical formula is compared to verify the accuracy of the simulation software.Then,the distribution characteristics of the inductor coil current density and temperature rise are analyzed considering the eddy current effect and the uniform current loading during the single discharge,and the temperature rise difference between the coil at different times under the two loading methods is compared.Finally,the coil temperature rise of the two loading methods under continuous discharge conditions is compared and analyzed.The results show that there is a serious skin effect on the coil at the peak moment of 1 ms current,and the temperature rise on the outer surface of the wire is the highest.At the 20 ms time,due to the cumulative effect of temperature and the heat transfer of the wire,the temperature distribution of ea

关 键 词：脉冲电感线圈 有限元仿真 涡流效应 连续放电 热分析 

分 类 号：TM15[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]