高质量人力资本与中国城市经济韧性——基于高校扩招政策的实证分析  

High-Quality Human Capital and China's Urban Economic Resilience: An Empirical Analysis Based on the University Enrollment Expansion Policy

作　　者：孙红雪 朱金鹤[1] 王雅莉 SUN Hong-xue;ZHU Jin-he;WANG Ya-li(Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学经济与管理学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《当代财经》2023年第5期15-28,共14页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“降碳减排靶向的双重激励模式、地方政府竞争与城市环境治理研究”(21YJA790086)。

摘　　要：培养壮大高质量人才后备军是建设人才强国、增强国家经济韧性的根本保障。运用双重差分法基于1999年高校扩招这一外生冲击政策构造准自然实验的实证研究表明,高校扩招政策引致的高质量人力资本规模扩张能够增强中国城市经济韧性。机制检验表明,高质量人力资本规模扩张通过促进城市创业活力、提高城市薪资水平、加强城市信息化程度,从而增强城市经济韧性。异质性检验表明,高质量人力资本对城市经济韧性的提升效果在东部城市、大规模城市以及高经济发展水平城市更加突出。因此,应深入实施人才强国战略,提升高等学校教学质量;同时加大对教育资源落后地区的政策倾斜,优化生育补贴政策、完善生育政策配套设施;此外,还要加快构建创业城市政策支持体系,以增强中国城市经济韧性。Cultivating and strengthening the reserve army of high-quality talents is the fundamental guarantee for building a strong country with talents and enhancing the country's economic resilience.By employing the double difference method and constructing a quasi-natural experiment based on theexogenous shock policy of university enrollment expansion in 1999,this paper conducts an empirical study with the result that the scale expansion of high-quality human capital caused by the university enrollment expansion policy can improve the resilience of China's urban economy.The result of the mechanism test shows that the scale expansion of high-quality human capital can enhance the resilience of urban economy by promoting the entrepreneurial vitality of cities,raising the urban wage level,and strengthening the urban informatization level.The heterogeneity test shows that the improvement effect of high-quality human capital on urban economic resilience is more prominent in eastern cities,large-scale cities and cities with high economic development level.Therefore,it is necessary to implement the strategy of strengthening the country through talents and improve the quality of education in the institutions of higher learning;meanwhile,to increase the policy tilt to areas with backward education resources,optimize the fertility subsidy policy,and improve the supporting facilities of the fertility policy;in addition,to accelerate the construction of the policy support system for entrepreneurial cities,so as to enhance the economic resilience of China's cities.

关 键 词：高校扩招 城市经济韧性 人力资本 创业活力 

分 类 号：F290[经济管理—国民经济]