建设性新闻与建设性舆论监督——三论“建设性新闻”与我国新闻传播理论和实践的创新发展  

Constructive Journalism and Constructive Criticism:“Constructive Journalism”and the Innovative Development of China's Journalism Theory and Practice

作　　者：余跃洪 芮必峰[2] Yu Yuehong;Rui Bifeng

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻学院,北京100872 [2]安徽大学新闻传播学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《新闻春秋》2023年第2期13-20,共8页Journalism Evolution

摘　　要：在西方主流社会思潮和利润至上原则的双重作用下,为批评而批评、为揭露而揭露的做法似乎成为西方新闻界的通用手法,建设性新闻的兴起与西方一些有识之士对这一惯例的反思不无关系。然而,在西方主流社会思潮影响下的所谓“建设性”终究是西方新闻理念发展中的边缘话语,自然这样一种“批评”和“揭露”更多显现的是新闻业的独立专业权力。在此基础上重新检视中国新闻业,本文发现,批评与自我批评是中国共产党的优良传统,从推动社会发展的角度出发对社会进行监督批评是党领导的新闻事业所一贯坚持的。本文提倡“建设性批评”,反对“破坏性批评”,这是以讨论建设性新闻为契机,再思中西方新闻传播理念与实践的重要目的之一。新时期,中国新闻事业要继续坚持和发扬这一新闻批评方针继而开展“建设性舆论监督”,立足于党和人民的立场,树立“参与者”的新闻职业观,发挥新闻工作者的主观能动性,以社会实际效果作为检验舆论监督成功与否的标准。Under the dual effects of liberalism theory and the principle of profit supremacy,criticism for the sake of criticism and disclosure for the sake of disclosure seem to be a common problem in the western press.The rise of constructive journalism has something to do with the introspection of some insightful people in the west to this common disease.However,the so-called"constructiveness"under the guidance of liberalism theory is the marginal discourse in the development of western news idea after all.On this basis,we should re-examine Chinese journalism,Criticism and self-criticism is a fine tradition of the Communist Party of China.To supervise and criticize the society from the perspective of promoting social development is the consistent insistence of the journalism led by the Party.We advocate"constructive criticism"and oppose"destructive criticism".In the new historical period,we should continue to adhere to and carry forward this policy of news criticism.We must base ourselves on the position of the party and the people,establish the view of journalism profession of"participant",give play to the subjective initiative of journalists,and take the actual social effect as the standard to test the success of criticism.

关 键 词：建设性新闻 马克思主义新闻观 新闻批评 建设性舆论监督 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]