股骨颈滋养孔的形态特点及临床意义  

Morphological characteristics of nutrient foramina on femoral neck and its clinical significance

作　　者：李海艳[1,2] 司丽娜[1] 要星晨 杜心如[3] Li Haiyan;Si Lina;Yao Xingchen;Du Xinru(Department of Human Anatomy,Chengde Medical College,Chengde 067000,Hebei Province,China;Heibei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair,Chengde Medical College,Chengde 067000,Heibei Province,China;Beijing Chao-yang Hospical,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院人体解剖学教研室,河北承德067000 [2]承德医学院河北省神经损伤与修复重点实验室,河北承德067000 [3]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院,北京100020

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2023年第3期258-262,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

基　　金：承德医学院高层次人才科研启动基金(202203)。

摘　　要：目的观测股骨颈滋养孔的分布、形态特点,探讨与骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折的相关性。方法干燥股骨标本73例,其中骨质疏松标本12例,正常组61例。观测股骨颈滋养孔的位置、数目、孔径,计算各区域滋养孔面积及不同孔径的百分比。结果无论是正常组还是骨质疏松组,股骨颈上方区域滋养孔的数目、面积所占百分比均最多;骨质疏松组与正常组相比,股骨颈后方和上方滋养孔孔径、面积所占百分比明显变小,差异有显著性。结论股骨颈上方区域滋养孔数目多、面积大,使此部位结构薄弱,可能是造成股骨颈骨折的解剖因素之一。骨质疏松组股骨颈上方区域滋养孔的面积百分比明显变小、孔径也较小,提示骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折可能与其血供较差有关。Objective To explore the distribution and morphological characteristics of nutrient foramina in femoral neck and to discuss its relation with the osteoporosis femoral neck fracture.Methods Seventy-three cases of dry femoral specimens were collected in this study,among them,there were 12 cases in the osteoporosis group and 61 cases in the normal group.The location,number,diameter and square about the nutrient foramina in femoral neck were investigated and the proportion of the different diameters of the nutrient foramina was measured as well.Results The number and area percent of the nutrient foramina in superior area were the most both in normal group and in osteoporosis group.Compared with the normal group,the diameter and area percent of nutrient foramina in the posterior and superior area in osteoporosis group were obviously smaller,there was significant difference between these two groups.Conclusions The number of the nutrient foramina in the superior area is large,with large square,this may be an anatomical factor causing structural weakness in the area which resulting in the femoral neck fracture.The area percent and diameter of nutrient foramina in the same area in osteoporosis group is obviously smaller,it is possible that the osteoporotic femoral neck fracture has close relations with its poorly blood supply.

关 键 词：股骨颈 滋养孔 骨质疏松 股骨颈骨折 

分 类 号：R322.7[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]