Dysplasia of male organs induces apomixis in Malus crabapples  

作　　者：Yujing Hu Yanfen Lu Linke Chao Zhen Wang Yufen Bu Jie Zhang Wenhe Wang Yuncong Yao 

机构地区：[1]Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China [2]Plant Science and Technology College,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China [3]Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique,Beijing 102206,China [4]Beijing Nursery Engineering Research Centre for Fruit Crops,Beijing 102206,China [5]College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China

出　　处：《Ornamental Plant Research》2021年第1期98-113,共16页观赏植物研究（英文）

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901997,31772263,31872081);the General Project of the Scientific Research Program of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KM202010020013);the Opening Project of Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technique in Agricultural Application(NYYYXJS201704);the National Key Project of Research and Development Plan(2016YFD0201116);the Construction of Beijing Science and Technology Innovation and Service Capacity in Top Subjects(CEFFPXM2019_014207_000032).

摘　　要：Apomixis has high value in fruit crop propagation and breeding applications,particularly for the transgenerational fixation of heterosis.In this study,we found that flowers of the triploid Malus cultivar'Royalty'that were bagged after emasculation(EB)and pollinated with pollen from the diploid cultivar'Flame'(EFB)produced high fruit set and increased seed numbers per fruit.The offspring exhibited superior growth vigour compared to those of the diploid sister cultivar'Flame'.The fruit setting rate for'Royalty'EFB was 98.44%,which was much higher than the fruit setting rate for'Royalty'BA(Bagging without emasculation)at 19.7%.The fruit setting rate for'Royalty'EB was 47.46%compared to 19.7%for'Royalty'BA.Furthermore,offspring derived from either'Royalty'EB or EFB exhibited superior growth vigour compared to those of the diploid'Flame'.These results suggested that'Royalty'exhibits facultative apomixis and has strong sexual reproductive ability under the stimulation of foreign pollen.Additionally,'Royalty'anthers did not dehisce after flowering and had malformed pollen grains and a low pollen germination rate.Therefore,we proposed that dysplasia of the male organ could be an important driver factor of apomixis in'Royalty'.Our study provides new insight into the mechanism of apomixis in Malus crabapples.

关 键 词：CRAB CULTIVAR ORGANS 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]