马嘎尔尼使团旅华游记中的北京  

Beijing in the Travelogue of the Macartney Mission to China

作　　者：张恒[1] Zhang Heng

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学外国语与国际教育学院

出　　处：《全球城市研究（中英文）》2023年第1期56-64,190,191,共11页Global Cities Research

摘　　要：作为元明清三代中国社会的政治、经济和文化中心,北京反复出现在欧洲各个时期的旅华游记中,同样也是马嘎尔尼使团使华的目的地和重要的活动场所。使团笔下的北京是一个“多面集合体”。她历史悠久、秩序井然,凝缩了中国文明的精华,又有着独特的城市布局、环境和建筑,是一座典型的“中世纪城市”。这些极具“东方主义”色彩的书写以及由此折射出的中国“镜像”,不仅改变了先前英国人乃至欧洲人眼中的北京城市形象,又因为北京特殊的政治和文化地位,深刻地影响了他们对中国社会和文化的观察、想象和书写。Beijing,as the political,economic,and cultural center of China in the Yuan,Ming,and Qing dynasties,had repeatedly appeared in European travelogues during various periods of visiting China.It was also the destination and important activity site of the Macartney Embassy to China.The Beijing described by the Macartney Embassy was a multifaceted entity:it had a long history,unique orderly urban layout,culturally rich environment and architecture,bearing the essence of Chinese civilization.The writings bore strong Orientalist influence,and its report of China as if via a“mirror”changed the image of Beijing in the eyes of the British and Europeans.Their observation,imagination and writing of Chinese society and culture made a profound impact on the aspects of Beijing^political and cultural status.

关 键 词：旅华游记 北京形象 文化镜像 

分 类 号：I106.6[文学—世界文学] K23[历史地理—历史学]