密云水库库区不同植物篱模式下的氮磷阻控效应  

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Interception and the Control Effected byDifferent Hedgerow Patterns in the Miyun Reservoir Area

作　　者：王磊 索琳娜 魏丹 金梁 丁建莉 苏刘燕 安志装[1] WANG Lei;SUO Lin-na;WEI Dan;JIN Liang;DING Jian-li;SU Liu-yan;AN Zhi-zhuang(Institute of Plant Nutrition,Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第3期35-41,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所团队促进项目(ZHS202304);北京市农林科学院青年基金(QNJJ2022014);北京市乡村振兴科技项目(20220924);联合国开发计划署项目(The UNDP Project)—密云水库面源污染生态控制与环境可持续发展研究(cpr/19/401)。

摘　　要：筛选拦截效果最佳、经济效益最佳的植物篱模式,为密云水库水源保护区控制坡耕地氮磷流失提供技术参考。设置“桔梗+狗牙根”“丹参+狗牙根”“桑树+野牛草”“黄芩+野牛草”4种不同的植物篱模式,监测2020年天然降水条件下的地表径流、泥沙以及养分情况,分析不同植物篱模式下径流小区的产流和产沙情况,探讨不同植物篱对坡耕地地表径流、泥沙和养分的拦截效率及其影响因素。结果表明:4种植物篱种植模式都能够起到截流减沙,减轻水环境富营养化的作用,从而避免对下游水体的污染。其中“桑树+野牛草”植物篱效果最为显著,大雨雨强下可以减流57.96%,减沙96.64%,暴雨雨强下可以减流64.63%,减沙97.17%;对氮的相对拦截量为93.14 mg,相对拦截率约88.27%;对磷的相对拦截量为25.17 mg,相对拦截率约80.72%,能有效减少地表径流中的氮、磷含量。在考虑经济效益、社会效益和生态效益下,开展植物篱防控面源污染工作中,最佳的物种选择为“桑树+野牛草”,其次为“黄芩+野牛草”。野牛草在防控水土流失与面源污染方面效果十分显著,可以作为水土保持的先锋植物推广。Miyun Reservoir is an important drinking water source for Beijing and has long been an important conservation area.Because of high nutrient(nitrogen and phosphorus)loss from cultivated land around Miyun Reservoir,we studied the effect of different hedgerow treatments on stormwater runoff,sediment loading and nutrient interception from the sloping farmland around Miyun Reservoir using statistical analysis of plot runoff test results.A rational scientific agroforestry model for the land around Miyun Reservoir was then developed.Four treatments and a control were tested in triplicate,requiring a total of 15 runoff plots.The control(CK)was a bare plot and each treatment was a combination of two hedgerow species:(T1)Platycodon grandiflorus+Cynodon dactylon,(T2)Salvia miltiorrhiza+Cynodon dactylon),(T3)Morus alba+Buchloe dactyloides,(T4)Scutellaria baicalensis+Buchloe dactyloides.Surface runoff volume and the sediment and nutrient content of the runoff were monitored under natural conditions in 2020,during six rainfall events that produced surface runoff.Results show that:(1)The four hedgerow treatments all reduced flow,and downstream sediment and nutrient pollution,consequently reducing water environment eutrophication.The volume of runoff among the four hedgerow planting combinations were in the order:Morus alba+Buchloe dactyloides<Scutellaria baicalensis+Buchloe dactyloides<Platycodon grandiflorus+Cynodon dactylon<Salvia miltiorrhiza+Cynodon dactylon.The Morus alba+Buchloe dactyloides combination was most effective,reducing surface flow by 57.96%and sediment by 96.64%after heavy rain,and by 64.63%and 97.17%,respectively,after moderate rain.This combination also effectively reduced the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface runoff,phosphorus by 25.17 mg/L(80.72%)and nitrogen by 93.14 mg/L(88.27%).(2)Considering the economic,social and ecological benefits,the best hedgerow combination for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution is Morus alba+Buchloe dactyloides,followed by Scutellaria baicalensis+

关 键 词：土壤 径流 植物篱模式 坡耕地 氮磷流失 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]