基于第51届世界体操锦标赛女子跳马运动的发展趋势探讨  

Discussion on the Development Trend of Women's Vault-Horsing Based on the 51st World Gymnastics Championships

作　　者：赵吉 邱慧媛 ZHAO Ji;QIU Huiyuan(Gymnastics Management Center of Hubei Administration of Sport,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430205 China;Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan,Hubei Province,430079 China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省体育局体操运动管理中心,湖北武汉430205 [2]武汉体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2023年第15期43-46,共4页Contemporary Sports Technology

摘　　要：竞技体操是以运动员竞技能力为核心,以身体素质、基本技术、战术及心理素质等为主要训练内容,通过器械锻炼身体,让其掌握基本技术要领的运动项目。随着各国体操项目的不断发展,跳马运动技术逐渐成为当今竞技体操项目的主要内容,跳马比赛的激烈程度与难度系数成正比,比赛过程中运动员所表现出来的技战术水平决定了该项目的整体水平,因此,研究女子跳马运动的发展趋势是当今世界体操运动队必须面临的重要问题。研究表明:(1)女子跳马运动整体水平虽呈下降趋势,但仍有部分选手保持较好的竞技状态,世界顶级选手之间的竞技水平差异不大;(2)从技术动作和难度动作来看,世界女子跳马优秀选手的动作选择趋向于高难大;(3)从动作完成情况来看,难度动作是运动员主要的得分手段;(4)从裁判打分情况来看,裁判对难度与完成度均有一定要求。该文通过对第51届世界体操锦标赛女子跳马项目运动员的技术特征、发展趋势的研究,以期为我国女子跳马项目运动员今后的训练和比赛提供一些参考。Competitive gymnastics is a sports event that focuses on the competitive ability of athletes,takes physical fitness,basic skills and tactics and psychological quality as the main training content,and exercises the body through instruments to let them master basic technical essentials.With the continuous development of gymnastics in various countries,horse-vaulting techniques have gradually become the main content of today's competitive gymnastics.The intensity of horse-vaulting competitions is directly proportional to the difficulty coefficient,and the technical and tactical level of athletes during the competition determines the overall level of the event,so studying the development trend of women's horse-vaulting is an important issue that the gymnastics teams in the world must face today.Research shows the following.(1)Although the overall level of women's horse-vaulting shows a downward trend,some players still maintain a good competitive state,and there is little difference in the competitive level among the world's top athletes.(2)From the perspective of technical movements and difficult movements,the choice of movements of the world's elite women's horse-vaulting athletes tends to be more difficult.(3)From the perspective of action completion,difficulty actions are the main means of scoring for athletes.(4)Judging from judges'score,judges have certain requirements for difficulty and completion.This paper studies the technical characteristics and development trend of women's horse-vaulting athletes in the 51st World Gymnastics Championships,in order to provide some reference for the future training and competition of women's horse-vaulting athletes in China.

关 键 词：女子跳马 体操锦标赛 运动员 发展趋势 

分 类 号：G831[文化科学—体育训练]