气质特点在注意缺陷多动障碍儿童中的预测价值  

The Predictive Value of Temperament in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

作　　者：崔继华[1] 李抒瑾 宋玉[1] 杨艳飞[1] 孙艳会[1] 孙晶晶 凌昱[1] CUI Jihua;LI Shujin;SONG Yu;YANG Yanfei;SUN Yanhui;SUN Jingjing;LING Yu(Dept.of Child Health Care,The Affiliated Children Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2023年第5期125-131,共7页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：昆明市卫生人才培养十百千工程基金资助项目[2016-SW(后备)-91];昆明市卫生健康委员会卫生科研基金资助项目(2019-06-04-004)。

摘　　要：目的探讨气质在注意缺陷多动障碍儿童中的特点,了解其在儿童注意缺陷多动障碍中的预测价值。方法选取注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童183例、规律治疗半年的ADHD儿童45例和正常对照45例,采用儿童气质问卷(BSQ、MCTQ)测查,同时对治疗前后ADHD儿童填写Weiss功能缺陷量表(父母版)。结果气质类型构成方面ADHD儿童治疗前、后及对照组,3组差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在进一步分析中,易养型治疗前与治疗后和对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗后与正常组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。难养型治疗前与正常组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗半年后难养型比例降低,易养型比例增加,治疗后半年及正常组以易养型为主,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。气质维度方面,治疗前与治疗后在活动水平、节律性、趋避性、适应性、反应强度、情绪本质、坚持性7个维度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前与对照组在活动水平、节律性、适应性、情绪本质、坚持性、注意分散度6个维度的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。气质量表各维度与Weiss功能缺陷评定量表相关系数为0.156~0.428(P<0.05),多元线性回归预测模型显示气质量表的适应性、反应强度、坚持性、活动水平、情绪本质对Weiss功能缺陷评定量表各功能具有预测作用(P<0.05)。结论注意缺陷多动障碍儿童气质维度及类型构成明显异于正常同龄儿童,治疗半年后气质维度及类型构成即有明显变化,且气质各维度对ADHD儿童功能损害有预测作用。Objective To explore the temperament characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and to understand its predictive value in children with ADHD.Methods 183 children with ADHD,45 children with ADHD and treated regularly for half a year and 45 normal controls were selected.They were measured by BSQ\MCTQ.At the same time,Weiss functional defect assessment scale was filled in for ADHD children before and after the treatment.Results In terms of temperament type composition,there was a statistically significant difference among the three groups of ADHD children before and after the treatment,as well as the control group(P<0.001).In further analysis,there was a statistically significant difference between the easy type before and after the treatment,and the normal group(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference between the treated and normal groups(P>0.05);The difference between the difficult type before the treatment and the normal group was statistically significant(P<0.05).After six months of the treatment,the proportion of difficult type decreased,while the proportion of easy type increased.After six months of the treatment,the easy type was the main type compared to the normal group,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).In terms of temperament dimensions,there were statistically significant differences between pre treatment and post treatment in seven dimensions:activity level,rhythm,avoidance,adaptability,reaction intensity,emotional essence,and persistence(P<0.05).Before the treatment,there were statistically significant differences between the control group and the control group in six dimensions of activity level,rhythm,adaptability,emotional essence,persistence,and attention Dispersity(P<0.05).The correlation coefficient between the dimensions of the Temperament scale and WFIRS-P was 0.156~0.428(P<0.05).The multiple linear regression prediction model showed that the adaptability,reaction intensity,persistence,activity level,and emotion

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 气质 儿童 量表 

分 类 号：R729[医药卫生—儿科]