高质量就业视角下我国省级公共就业服务均等化水平及区域差异  

Equalization Level and Regional Differences of ProvincialPublic Employment Services in China from the Perspectiveof High-Quality Employment

作　　者：熊斌[1] 吴欣欣 XIONG Bin;WU Xinxin(School of Public Policy and Management,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学公共管理学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《开发研究》2023年第2期50-59,共10页Research On Development

基　　金：广西大学科研基金项目“高管团队共享心智模型的生命周期阶段特征研究”(XBS1642)。

摘　　要：基于省级面板数据,从高质量就业视角出发构建公共就业服务均等化指标体系,运用组合赋权法测算2011—2020年我国31个省(区、市)公共就业服务供给水平,同时采用基尼系数法测度公共就业服务均等化的差异程度,揭示区域差异的演变趋势。研究表明,2011—2020年我国公共就业服务供给水平明显提高,10年间总体增长幅度约为38%;供给水平呈“东高西低”的分布格局,不同区域的提升速度存在差距,由高到低依次是东部、西部、中部、东北地区;投入类指标供给呈“东多西少”的分布情况,西部地区的产出类指标供给水平最高,效果类指标的供给水平由高到低依次是东部、西部、中部、东北地区。我国公共就业服务总体基尼系数保持在0.23左右,供给水平的整体发展较为均等,具体来看,东部和西部地区基尼系数高于我国平均值,中部和东北地区的基尼系数保持较低水平;部分区域间差异显著且存在进一步分化趋势,其中东部与西部、东北、中部地区的区域间发展差距较大。因此,未来应推动公共就业服务财政投入均衡,重点缩小东部和西部的公共就业服务供给差距,建立多元化供给模式并完善就业服务体系,充分发挥公共就业服务均等化在促进社会整体高质量就业中的作用。Based on the provincial panel data,the index system of equalization of public employment services is constructed from the perspective of high-quality employment.The combination weighting method is used to measure the supply level of public employment services in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)during 2011-2020.Meanwhile,the Gini coefficient method is used to measure the difference degree of equalization of public employment services and reveal the evolution trend of regional differences.The results show that the supply level of public employment service increases significantly from 2011 to 2020,with the overall growth rate of about 38%during the decade.The supply level presents a distribution pattern of“high in the east and low in the west”,and there is a gap in the improvement speed of different regions,from high to low,it is east,west,middle part and northeast.The supply of input indicators presents a distribution of“more in the east and less in the west”.The supply level of output indicators is the highest in the western region,and the supply level of effect indicators is the east,west,middle part and northeast from high to low.The overall Gini coefficient of public employment services in China is kept at about 0.23,the overall development of the supply level is relatively equal.Specifically,the Gini coefficient in the mid-eastern and western regions is higher than the average value of China,and the Gini coefficient in the central and northeastern regions remains a relatively low level.Some regions have significant differences and further differentiation trends,among which the eastern region has a large development gap with the western,northeastern and central regions.Therefore,in the future,we should promote balanced financial input in public employment services,focus on narrowing the supply gap between eastern and western public employment services,establish a diversified supply model and improve the employment service system,and give full play to the role of equalization of public

关 键 词：公共就业服务 均等化 供给水平 区域间差异 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]