基于精细化建模的抽水蓄能机组低水头背靠背启动多目标优化  

Multi-objective Optimization of Back-to-back Starting Process for Pumped Storage Units at Low Head Area Based on Refined Model

作　　者：冯陈 周大庆[1] 郑源[1] 李超顺[2] FENG Chen;ZHOU Daqing;ZHENG Yuan;LI Chaoshun(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏省南京市211100 [2]华中科技大学土木与水利工程学院,湖北省武汉市430074

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第8期3059-3070,共12页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(B220202005);国家自然科学基金(面上基金项目)(51979086)。

摘　　要：为解决低水头工况下抽水蓄能机组背靠背启动因调速与励磁参数配合不当而失败的问题,提出一种基于精细化建模的多目标优化策略。首先,充分考虑液压执行机构、水泵水轮机及过水系统、同步电机等环节的非线性,建立能仿真抽水蓄能机组水轮机、水泵、发电机、电动机运行状态的水–机–电耦合精细化模型。重点分析水头因素对于背靠背启动过程的影响,得出启动过程的有关物理规律。针对拖动机转速稳定时间和被拖动机转速超调量双目标,利用多目标优化算法对4种典型启动规律进行多目标优化,并引入熵权法对最优解集进行排序。仿真结果表明,提出的背靠背启动多目标优化策略能有效地抑制拖动机深入反S特性区运行,优化结果可为大型抽水蓄能机组的背靠背启动控制策略制定提供决策支持。Aimed at the problem that the back-to-back start of pumped storage units under low head condition is easy to fail due to the improper coordination of speed regulation and excitation parameters,a multi-objective optimization strategy for back-to-back starting of pumped storage units under low head condition based on refined model is proposed.First,considering the nonlinearity of hydraulic actuator,pump turbine,water passing system and synchronous motor,a water machine electric coupling fine model which could simulate the operation state of water turbine,pump,generator and motor of pumped storage unit is established.The influence of water head on back-to-back starting process is analyzed,and the relevant physical laws of starting process are obtained.Aimed at the double objectives of the speed stability time of the towed machine and the speed overshoot of the towed machine,the multi-objective optimization method is used to optimize the segmented opening law,the optimal external file set is obtained,and the optimization results are simulated.The simulation results show that the proposed multi-objective optimization strategy for back-to-back starting can effectively inhibit the tractor from going deep into the S-shaped zone,and the optimization results can provide decision support for the formulation of back-to-back starting control strategy of large pumped storage units.

关 键 词：抽水蓄能机组 低水头工况 背靠背启动 多目标优化 反S特性 

分 类 号：TM61[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]