上海市某城区定点犬伤门诊接诊患者动物伤流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of animal-induced injuries among patients of a designated dog-bite injury clinic in an urban district of Shanghai Municipality

作　　者：赵倩倩 张磊[1] 高慧 朱俊孙 杨秀丽 姜玉[1] ZHAO Qian-qian;ZHANG Lei;GAO Hui;ZHU Jun-sun;YANG Xiu-li;JIANG Yu(Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200051,China;Shanghai Changning Tianshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心,上海200051 [2]上海市长宁区天山中医医院,上海200051

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第5期568-572,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：长宁区公共卫生培训和继续教育体系建设创新团队项目;长宁区多维度糖尿病管理医学硕博士创新人才基地项目。

摘　　要：目的 了解2020年上海市长宁区动物致伤患者的流行病学特征,为科学地减少动物致伤的发生和提供有效的防治措施。方法 按照《全国伤害监测报告卡》收集2020年上海市长宁区犬伤定点门诊接诊的所有动物伤患者预防接种的记录信息,采用Epi Data 3.1录入数据和R4.1.2进行统计分析。结果 2020年长宁区共12 934例动物伤患者,男女比例为0.7∶1,其中以15~<30岁年龄组患者数最多(34.23%)。致伤动物主要为猫(52.18%)、其次是犬(39.35%)和鼠类(5.78%)。动物伤主要发生在家中,发生时的活动主要是和宠物互动等休闲活动为主,伤害部位主要累及四肢部位但是15岁以下未成年人则以头面部居多。前来接种狂犬疫苗的患者伤害严重程度主要为轻度(98.28%),在接种前对伤口能够自行处理的患者数占73.43%,而未处理者占24.36%。结论 应加强居民小区等生活居住场所的流浪猫管理,引导正确饲养宠物,针对不同人群进行健康宣教,增强保护意识和防范措施,受伤者应当科学、合理和及时地接种狂犬疫苗。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of patients with animal-induced injuries in Changning District of Shanghai Municipality in 2020,to scientifically reduce the incidence of animal-induced injuries and provide effective prevention and treatment measures.Methods According to the National Injury Monitoring Report Card,we collected the recorded information regarding vaccination of all animal-induced injury cases received by a designated dog-bite injury clinic in Changning District of Shanghai Municipality in 2020.EpiData 3.1 was used for data entry and R4.1.2 for statistical analysis.Results There were 12,934 animal-induced injury patients reported in Changning District in 2020,with a male to female ratio of 0.7:1.Among them,the number of patients in the age group of 15-30 years was the largest(34.23%).Cats were the most common cause of the injuries(52.18%),followed by dogs(39.35%)and rats(5.78%).Animal-induced injuries mainly occurred at home.The activities when the patients were injured were mainly leisure activities such as interaction with pets.The injured parts mainly involved the limbs,but those in most minors under the age of 15 years were mainly at the heads and faces.The injury severity of patients who came to get rabies vaccines was mainly mild(98.28%).73.43%of the patients could deal with the wound by themselves before the vaccination,while 24.36%were untreated.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the management of stray cats in residential areas and other living places,guide people to raising pets properly,conduct health education for different groups,and enhance protection awareness and preventive measures.At the same time,the injured should be vaccinated against rabies scientifically,reasonably and in time.

关 键 词：动物伤 伤害监测 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R646[医药卫生—外科学]