黍稷高基元EST-SSR标记开发及200份核心种质资源遗传多样性分析  

High motif EST-SSR markers development and genetic diversity evaluation for 200 core germplasms in proso millet

作　　者：王倩 张立媛[3] 许月 李海[5] 刘少雄 薛亚鹏 陆平 王瑞云[1] 刘敏轩[2] WANG Qian;ZHANG Li-Yuan;XU Yue;LI Hai;LIU Shao-Xiong;XUE Ya-Peng;LU Ping;WANG Rui-Yun;LIU Min-Xuan(College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Chifeng 024031,Inner Mongolia,China;College of Life Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,Jilin,China;Institute of High Latitude Crops,Shanxi Agricultural University,Datong 037008,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]赤峰市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古赤峰024031 [4]吉林大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130012 [5]山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037008

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第8期2308-2318,共11页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06-14.5-A2);农作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2022NWB036-06);中国农业科学院科技创新工程,吉林省自然科学基金(20200201153JC);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(2023CYJSTX03-12)资助。

摘　　要：为搞清黍稷核心种质资源的遗传背景,开发新的高基元EST-SSR标记用以评估国内不同生态区资源的遗传多样性,为加快黍稷育种进程和挖掘优异种质提供依据。本研究基于转录组测序开发了200个高基元EST-SSR标记并进行多态性筛选,利用筛选到的多态性标记评价200份黍稷核心种质资源的遗传多样性。结果表明,200个标记在6份地理来源差异显著的黍稷材料中有52个呈多态性,开发效率为26%,其中四、五和六碱基重复多态性标记分别为17个(32.7%)、17个(32.7%)和18个(34.6%)。利用52个高基元EST-SSR多态性标记对200份核心资源进行检测,共得到129个观测等位变异,每个位点检测到2~3个;Shannon多样性指数为0.3093~1.0910,平均为0.7277;多态性信息含量为0.1948~0.8211,平均为0.5104。基于UPGMA将200份资源划分为6个群组。基于Structure的遗传结构(K=7)将资源划分为7个类群,黍稷资源主要来自4个(东北地区、华北地区、黄土高原和北方地区)基因库。基于主成分分析将材料聚为6个类群,与其地理来源一致。构建了52个四–六碱基重复EST-SSR标记,开发率为26%;用其分析材料的遗传差异发现黍稷地方核心种质遗传多样性较为丰富。The objective of this study is to clarify the genetic background for the core germplasm resources of proso millet and to evaluate the genetic diversity from different ecological regions in China.To provide a basis for accelerating proso millet breeding process and mining excellent germplasm,a new high motif EST-SSR markers were developed.In this study,200 high motif EST-SSR markers were developed based on transcriptome sequencing results,and used to evaluate the genetic diversity for 200 core germplasm accessions of proso millet.Results showed that 52 of the 200 markers were polymorphic in 6 proso millet accessions with significant geographical differences,with the development efficiency of 26%,including 17 tetra-nucleotide repeat SSRs(32.7%),17 penta-nucleotide repeat ones(32.7%),and 18 hexa-nucleotide repeat ones(34.6%).Among the examined 200 accessions,a total of 129 observed alleles were detected in 52 loci,changed 2–3 alleles at each locus.The Shannon diversity index was 0.3093–1.0910,with an average of 0.7277.The polymorphism information content was 0.1948–0.8211,with an average of 0.5104.Based on UPGMA,the 200 proso millet accessions were divided into six groups.Based on Structure(K=7),proso millet were mainly from four gene pools in Northeast,Northern,Loess Plateau,and North China.Based on principal component analysis,the accessions were classified into six clusters,consistent with the geographic region.This study constructed a set of 52 tetra-,penta-and hexa-nucleotide repeat EST-SSR markers,with the efficiency of 26%.Based on the above markers,genetic diversity of proso millet for landrace core germplasm was abundant.

关 键 词：黍稷 核心种质 高基元EST-SSR 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]