纤维素酶对玉米秸秆与酒糟混合青贮营养成分、发酵品质、瘤胃体外降解率及微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Cellulase on Nutrients,Fermentation Quality,Rumen Degradation Rate in Vitro and Microbial Diversity of Mixed Silage of Corn Straw and Distiller’s Grains

作　　者：何家俊 赵国强 李莉 杨昕涧 胡志超 李阳源[1] 解祥学[1] HE Jiajun;ZHAO Guoqiang;LI Li;YANG Xinjian;HU Zhichao;LI Yangyuan;XIE Xiangxue(Guangdong VTR Bio-Tech Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519060,China)

机构地区：[1]广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司,珠海519060

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第5期3190-3200,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)专项(201503134);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究纤维素酶对玉米秸秆与酒糟混合青贮营养成分、发酵品质、瘤胃体外瘤胃降解率及微生物多样性的影响。试验以玉米秸秆与酒糟混合为青贮原料,设置3个组,分别为对照组(CK组)、纤维素酶组(CE组,纤维素酶制剂添加量为50 U/g)和纤维素酶与淀粉组(CES组,纤维素酶制剂添加量为50 U/g,淀粉添加量为2%),青贮发酵30 d。结果表明:1)与CK组相比,CE组和CES组干物质和粗蛋白质含量显著提高(P<0.05),CES组可溶性碳水化合物含量有提高趋势(P=0.053)。2)与CK组相比,CE组和CES组pH极显著降低(P<0.01),且CES组pH较CE组也极显著降低(P<0.01)。与CK组相比,CES组乳酸含量和乳酸/乙酸值均极显著提高(P<0.01),氨态氮/总氮值显著降低(P<0.05),乳酸菌数量极显著增加(P<0.01),且CES组乳酸菌数量较CE组也极显著增加(P<0.01);CE组乳酸含量显著提高(P<0.05),乳酸/乙酸值有提高的趋势(P=0.064),氨态氮/总氮值有降低的趋势(P=0.089),乳酸菌数量显著增加(P<0.05)。3)与CK组相比,CE组和CES组干物质体外降解率显著提高(P<0.05),CES组中性洗涤纤维体外降解率显著提高(P<0.05),CE组中性洗涤纤维体外降解率有提高的趋势(P=0.071)。4)与CK组相比,CES组Observed_species极显著提高(P<0.01),Shannon指数有提高的趋势(P=0.088),Chao1指数和Ace指数极显著提高(P<0.01),且CES组Chao1指数和Ace指数显著高于CE组(P<0.05);CE组Observed_species有提高的趋势(P=0.079)。与CK组相比,在门水平上,CE组和CES组厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),变形菌门的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);在属水平上,CE组和CES组植物乳杆菌属和柠檬乳杆菌属的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),布氏乳杆菌属的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,玉米秸秆与酒槽混合后添加纤维素酶和淀粉可降低青贮过程的营养损失,改善发酵品质和瘤胃体外降解率,并提高青贮饲料微生物群落的多样性及改善菌This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of cellulase on the nutrients,fermentation quality,rumen degradation rate in vitro and microbial diversity of mixed silage of corn straw and distiller’s grains.Three groups were set,namely control group(CK group),cellulase group(CE group,supplemented with 50 U/g cellulase preparation)and cellulase and starch group(CES group,supplemented with 50 U/g cellulase preparation and 2%starch),respectively,and the silage was fermented for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CK group,the contents of dry matter and crude protein in CE and CES groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the water-soluble carbohydrate content in CES group had a trend to be increased(P=0.053).2)Compared with CK group,the pH in CE and CES groups was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the pH in CES group was also extremely significantly decreased compared with CE group(P<0.01).Compared with CK group,the lactic acid content and lactic acid to acetic acid ratio in CES group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),the ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the lactic acid bacteria number was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and the lactic acid bacteria number in CES group was also extremely significantly increased compared with CE group(P<0.01);the lactic acid content in CE group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the lactic acid to acetic acid ratio tended to be increased(P=0.064),the ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio tended to be decreased(P=0.089),and the lactic acid bacteria number was significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with CK group,the dry matter degradation rate in vitro in CE and CES groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the neutral detergent fiber degradation rate in vitro in CES group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the neutral detergent fiber degradation rate in vitro in CE group had a trend to be increased(P=0.071).4)Compared with CK group,Observed_species in CES gr

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 酒糟 纤维素酶 淀粉 青贮发酵品质 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]