饲粮添加青花椒叶粉对肉兔生长性能、小肠发育、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响  

Effects of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Leaf Powder on Growth Performance,Small Intestinal Development,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Meat Rabbits

作　　者：郭志强[1] 李钰莹 杨锐[1] 邝良德[1] 李丛艳[1] 郑洁[1] 谢晓红[1] 雷岷[1] GUO Zhiqiang;LI Yuying;YANG Rui;KUANG Liangde;LI Congyan;ZHENG Jie;XIE Xiaohong;LEI Min(Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Animal Science Academy,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省畜牧科学研究院,动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第5期3228-3236,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系(CARS-43-D-1);四川省省级科研院所科技成果转化项目(2022JDZH0003)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加青花椒叶粉对肉兔生长性能、小肠发育、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选择28日龄体重相近的“蜀兴1号”商品代肉兔600只,随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只(公母各占1/2),分别饲喂含0(对照组)、3%、6%、9%和12%青花椒叶粉的饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:1)随着青花椒叶粉添加量的增加,平均日采食量和平均日增重呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中以6%组最高,显著高于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05);料重比则呈现先降低后增高的趋势,12%组显著高于对照组、3%组和6%组(P<0.05);腹泻率和死亡率呈逐渐下降趋势,12%组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)6%组十二指肠黏膜绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);9%、12%组空肠淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),12%组空肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组和3%组(P<0.05)。3)随着青花椒叶粉添加量的增加,宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、全净膛屠宰率和半净膛屠宰率均呈现先升高后下降趋势,6%组屠宰性能最佳,其次为3%组和对照组,再次为9%组,12%组最差。4)随着青花椒叶粉添加量的增加,背最长肌pH24 h、粗脂肪和肌苷酸含量呈先升高后下降趋势,红度(a*)值呈逐渐升高趋势,滴水损失呈先下降后升高的趋势,其中6%组pH24 h、粗脂肪和肌苷酸含量最高,滴水损失最低。上述结果表明,饲粮中添加适量的青花椒叶粉可以提高肉兔的采食量和生长速度,促进小肠黏膜发育,提高空肠消化酶活性,改善屠宰率和肉品质,适宜添加量为6%。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Zanthoxylum schinifolium leaf powder on the growth performance,small intestinal development,slaughter performance and meat quality of meat rabbits.Six hundred 28-day-old“Shuxing No.1”commercial meat rabbits with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 20 rabbits(half male and half female)in each replicate.Rabbits in the 5 groups were fed diets containing 0(control group),3%,6%,9%and 12%Zanthoxylum schinifolium leaf powder,respectively.The pre-feeding period was 7 days and the trial period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)with the increase of Zanthoxylum schinifolium leaf powder supplemental level,the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of rabbits showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the 6%group had the highest values,which were significantly higher than those in the control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05);the feed to gain ratio showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and the 12%group was significantly higher than the control group,3%group and 6%group(P<0.05);the diarrhea rate and mortality showed a trend of decreasing gradually,and the 12%group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).2)The ratio of villus height/crypt depth of duodenal mucosa in the 6%group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the amylase activity of jejunum in 9%group and 12%group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the trypsin activity of jejunum in 12%group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).3)With the increase of Zanthoxylum schinifolium leaf powder supplemental level,the live weight before slaughter,half eviscerated weight,full eviscerated weight,half eviscerated dressing percentage and full eviscerated dressing percentage showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,the slaughter performance of 6%group was the best,followed by 3%group,control group,9%group

关 键 词：青花椒叶 肉兔 生长性能 小肠发育 肉品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]