以中国为代表的主要国家新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗可获得性的实证分析  

The empirical analysis of COVID-19 vaccine availability in typical countries represented by China

作　　者：张焕[1] 李孟玉 张淑婷 刘利萍 ZHANG Huan;LI Meng-yu;ZHANG Shu-ting;LIU Li-ping(Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang 222000,China;Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 511400,China;Department of Clinical Pharmacy,School of Pharmacy,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学康达学院,连云港222000 [2]广东药科大学,广州511400 [3]南京医科大学药学院临床药学系,南京211166

出　　处：《中国新药杂志》2023年第8期768-776,共9页Chinese Journal of New Drugs

基　　金：2021年度江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2021SJA2499);2021年南京医科大学康达学院大学生创新训练一般项目(202113980YJ20);南京医科大学康达学院科研人才培养计划资助项目。

摘　　要：本文从药品可获得性角度出发对以中国为代表的4个主要国家新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的研制到接种情况进行统计和分析。提炼总结各阶段研制的政策方案,并按批准情况进行归类统计,对研制到接种的相关数据进行描述性统计分析。截至2022年3月31日,中国、英国、美国、俄罗斯4个国家研制出的13款新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的有效率都高于WHO最低标准50%,在供应方面中国贡献最大,在接种量上中国以超过32.7亿剂次的接种量取得领先位置。购买疫苗资金存在缺口、分配计划存在缺陷、疫苗民族主义、新型冠状病毒变异株等是目前疫苗可获得性实现的障碍。可通过加快研发、增加产量、公平分配和扩大接种来促进新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的可获得性实现。Objective:To study and analyze the development and vaccination of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccines in four major countries represented by China to understand the current situation of COVID-19 vaccine availability.Methods:The policies and plans of vaccine development in each stage were refined and summarized and then classified and counted according to the approval types and time,and descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the relevant data from development to vaccination.Results:Up to March 31,2022,the effectiveness of 13 COVID-19 vaccines developed by China,the United Kingdom,the United States and Russia were all higher than the minimum standard of the WHO(50%).China had made the largest contribution in terms of supply.In terms of vaccination volume,China had exceeded 3.27 billion doses,ranking the leading position.Conclusion:Vaccine purchase funds,distribution plan defects,vaccine nationalism,COVID-19 strain variation and other obstacles to effective vaccine access can be ensured and achieved by accelerating research and development,increasing production,fair distribution and expanding vaccination.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗 可获得性 有效率 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]