不同无性系刺槐生长、材性及适用性  

Growth,material properties and suitability of different Robinia pseudoacacia clones

作　　者：陈楠楠 彭祚登[1] 李云[2] CHEN Nannan;PENG Zuodeng;LI Yun(College of Forestry,Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学生物与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第4期164-173,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“刺槐速生建筑材林高效培育技术研究”(2017YFDO600503)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过对刺槐不同无性系林木之间生长、材性和适应性的研究,为刺槐建筑用材林培育选用优良无性系和刺槐优质木材的加工利用提供科学的依据。【方法】以河南省洛宁县国有吕村林场无性系试验林中的豫刺1号、豫刺2号、豫刺7号、豫刺8号、无性系3-Ⅰ共5个刺槐无性系为研究对象,分析林木生长过程,比较林木生长及材性差异并进行适用性评价。【结果】5个无性系胸径大小排序为无性系3-Ⅰ>豫刺1号>豫刺8号>豫刺7号>豫刺2号;材积大小排序为无性系3-Ⅰ>豫刺1号>豫刺7号>豫刺8号>豫刺2号。其胸径、树高均呈现前期生长迅速后生长逐渐减缓趋势。其木材气干密度、全干密度、基本密度测量范围为0.769~0.812、0.731~0.775、0.644~0.673 g·m^(-3);干缩率中气干差异干缩和全干差异干缩变化幅度分别为1.41~1.82、1.47~1.62;湿胀率中全干至气干湿胀率(径向、弦向、体积)、全干至饱水湿胀率(径向、弦向、体积)分别在2.34%~2.67%、3.23%~3.59%、5.88%~6.73%、5.1%~5.81%、8.05%~8.67%、13.77%~15.23%之间;力学性质中顺纹抗压强度、横纹全部抗压强度(径向、弦向)、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量测量值范围分别为53.44~58.89、12.00~15.46、14.23~18.11、107.386~122.299、9737.701~10410.325 MPa。【结论】5个无性系刺槐中最适合作为结构用材原料的是无性系3-Ⅰ;最适合作为装饰用材原料的是豫刺7号。【Objective】The study on the growth,timber property and adaptability of different Robinia pseudoacacia clones provides a scientific basis for the cultivation and selection of excellent clones for building timber forests and the processing and utilization of high-quality Robinia pseudoacacia wood.【Method】A total of 5 asexual lines of Robinia pseudoacacia,namely Yucihuai1,Yucihuai2,Yucihuai7,Yucihuai8,and 3-I in the state-owned Lvcun Forest Farm in Luoning County,Henan Province,were studied.The growing process of forest trees was analyzed,and the differences between forest growth and timber properties were compared and the applicability was evaluated.【Result】The DBH of the five clones were 3-I>Yucihuai1>Yucihuai8>Yucihuai7>Yucihuai2.The order of the volume size was 3-I.>Yucihuai1>Yucihuai7>Yucihuai8>Yucihuai2.The DBH and tree height showed rapid growth in the early stage and then gradually slowed down.The air-dry density,absolute-dry density and basic density of wood gas were measured in the range of 0.769-0.812 g·m-3,0.731-0.775 g·m^(-3)and 0.644-0.673 g·m^(-3),respectively.The variation ranges of air-dried shrinkage ratio and over-dried shrinkage ratio in dry shrinkage were 1.41-1.82 and 1.47-1.62,respectively.Among the humidity rates,the expansion rates of dry to wet(radial,tangential,volume)and fully dry to saturated wet(radial,tangential,volume)were between 2.34%-2.67%,3.23%-3.59%,5.88%-6.73%and 5.1%-5.81%,8.05%-8.67%,13.77%-15.23%,respectively.In the mechanical properties,the measured values of tensile strength parallel to the grain,transverse full compressive strength(radial,tangential),modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity ranged between 53.44-58.89 MPa,12.00-15.46 MPa,14.23-18.11 MPa,107.386-122.299 MPa and 9737.701-10410.325 MPa,respectively.【Conclusion】Among the 5 clones,the most suitable raw structural material is 3-I.The most suitable decoration material is Yucihuai7.

关 键 词：刺槐无性系 木材 生长 物理力学性质 综合评价 

分 类 号：S781[农业科学—木材科学与技术]