干旱胁迫下6种海防林植物幼苗光合生理特性及抗旱性评价  

Photosynthetic and Physiological Characteristics and Drought Resistance Evaluation of Six Coastal Plants under Drought Stress

作　　者：曹小林 郝清玉[1] 王勇 王睿 Cao Xiaolin;Hao Qingyu;Wang Yong;Wang Rui(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands,Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province,College of Life Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou,571158)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学生命科学学院,热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室,海南省热带动植物生态学重点实验室,海口571158

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第10期3424-3432,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760202)资助。

摘　　要：大叶相思(Acacia auriculiformis)、凤凰木(Delonix regia)、苦楝(Melia azedarach)、银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala)、白楸(Mallotus paniculatus)和乌桕(Sapium sebiferum)是海南海防林木麻黄群落中常见的伴生种,天然更新良好。本研究通过盆栽控制土壤水分,分别测定干旱与复水后6种幼苗叶片的光合与叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明,6树种在干旱下,白楸的平均Ls(0.47)、NPQ(1.5)和q P(0.5)均最大,表明其气孔调节能力、较高效率的光化学反应和光保护系统是其抗旱主要特征;大叶相思因不能有效减少蒸腾作用(Tr),表现出最低的WUEi(平均在1.6 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)),但具有较高的平均F_(v)/F_(m)(0.78)和ETR(24 mol·m^(-2)·s^(-1));乌桕具有较高的平均P_(n)(6.0 mol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))和WUEi(4.4 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1));苦楝的Y(Ⅱ)和q P受干旱影响较小,但综合表现出较低的平均P_(n)(2.1 mol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))和WUEi(1.7 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1));干旱下凤凰木则具有较低的F_(v)/F_(m)(0.58)和Y(Ⅱ)(0.19),暗示其光合结构受损严重。隶属函数综合评价结果显示,干旱下光合生理方面表现为:白楸(6.33)>大叶相思(5.90)>乌桕(5.61)>苦楝(5.12)>银合欢(3.57)>凤凰木(2.72),该结果为海防林树种筛选提供依据。Acacia auriculiformis,Delonix regia,Melia azedarach,Leucaena leucocephala,Mallotus paniculatus and Sapium sebiferum are common associated species with good natural regeneration in the Casuarina community in Hainan coastal protection forest.Potted plants were used to control soil moisture,and the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of six seedlings after drought and rewatering were measured.The results showed that under drought condition,Mallotus paniculatus had the largest values of Ls(0.47),NPQ(1.5)and qP(0.5)among 6 species,indicating that its stomatal regulation ability,high efficiency of photochemical reaction and light protection system are its main characteristics of drought resistance.Acacia auriculiformis had the lowest of WUEi(1.6 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))value among 6 species,but had the higher values of F_(v)/F_(m)(0.78)and ETR(24 mol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))than other species.Sapium sebiferum could maintain higher P_(n)(6.0 mol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))and WUEi(4.4 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))than other plants.The Y(II)and qP of Melia azedarach were less affected by drought,but showed lower average P_(n)(2.1 mol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))and WUEi(1.7 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))values.Delonix regia had lower F_(v)/F_(m)(0.58)and Y(II)(0.19)values than other plants under drought condition,suggesting that its photosynthetic structure is seriously damaged.The comprehensive evaluation results of membership function showed that the photosynthetic physiology under drought was as follows:Mallotus paniculatus(6.33)>Acacia auriculiformis(5.90)>Sapium sebiferum(5.61)>Melia azedarach(5.12)>Leucaena leucocephala(3.57)>Delonix regia(2.72),which results could provid a reference for the selection of coastal protection forest tree species.

关 键 词：植物幼苗 抗旱性 光合特性 海防林植物 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]