煤矸石覆土填沟关键工艺参数确定与应用  

Determination and Application of Key Process Parameters of Soil Covering and Ditch Filling by Coal Gangue

作　　者：王旭锋[1] 张云峰 刘峰 余锦柱 韩锦城 胡晓娟[4] WANG Xufeng;ZHANG Yunfeng;LIU Feng;YU Jinzhu;HAN Jincheng;HU Xiaojuan(School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;Shangyuquan Coal Mine of National Energy Investment Group Guoyuan Company,Xinzhou,Shanxi 036500,China;Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China;School of Materials and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州市221116 [2]国家能源投资集团国源公司上榆泉煤矿,山西河曲县036500 [3]长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012 [4]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,江苏徐州市221116

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2023年第5期69-75,共7页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L580)。

摘　　要：煤矸石大规模堆积排放造成的环境问题一直是行业关注的热点和难点。针对某煤矿地表冲沟发育、煤矸石产量大的特征,因地制宜、因企制宜提出采用覆土填沟的处理方法,并建立煤矸石分层覆土填沟模型,通过排矸场地内部温度-渗流场的变化,研究“煤矸石+黄土”不同层厚比例下煤矸石阻燃的效果。研究结果表明:该矿煤矸石中铬、镍、铜、锌等重金属含量符合农用土壤标准,可以用作填沟的材料;随着覆土层厚的增加,煤矸石内部的温度传递速度和空气的渗流速度逐渐降低,结合灰色关联模型,综合考虑阻燃效果和黄土含水率确定最优覆土厚度为50 cm;确定并实施了“300 cm煤矸石+50 cm黄土”的覆土填沟参数及工艺,该工艺参数应用后,煤矸石层温度与表层黄土温度和地表的外界温度相近,煤矸石自燃的防治效果良好,研究成果可为矸石地表规模无害处置方式提供借鉴。The environmental problems caused by the large-scale accumulation and discharge of coal gangue have always been the focus and difficulty of the industry.Aiming at the characteristics of surface gully development and large output of coal gangue in a coal mine,a treatment method of soil covering and ditch filling was put forward according to local conditions and enterprise conditions,and a model of layered soil covering and ditch filling by coal gangue was established.Through the change of temperature and seepage field in the gangue discharge site,the effect of coal gangue flame retardant under dfferent layer thickness ratios of“coal gangue+loess”was studied.The research results show that the contents of heavy metals such as chromium,nickel,copper,and zinc in the coal gangue of this mine conform to the agricultural soil standard and can be used as a material for ditch filling.With the increase of the overburden layer thickness,the temperature transfer speed and the air seepage speed in the coal gangue gradually decrease.Combined with the grey relational model,and considering the effects of flame retardant and the moisture content of loess,the optimal soil covering thickness is determined to be 5o cm.The parameters and process of“300 cm coal gangue+50 cm loess”were determined and implemented.It shows that the temperature of coal gangue layer is close to the temperature of surface loess and the external temperature of surface,and the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue is well controlled.The research results can provide a reference for the harmless disposal of gangue on the surface scale.

关 键 词：冲沟地貌 煤矸石回填 矸石阻燃 灰色关联 填沟造田 

分 类 号：TD849.5[矿业工程—煤矿开采]