露天矿山自卸卡车行驶扬尘浓度数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Dust Concentration of Dump Truck Driving in Open-Pit Mine

作　　者：王新喆 王鹏飞 刘岩[1] WANG Xinzhe;WANG Pengfei;LIU Yan(School of Resources,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan 411201,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Mining Techniques of Coal Mines,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭市411201 [2]湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南湘潭市411201

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2023年第5期155-161,共7页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274197);湖南省交通运输厅科技计划资助项目(202130);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30266)。

摘　　要：为了优化露天矿山道路粉尘的控制措施,揭示自卸卡车扬尘规律,通过数值模拟方法,建立几何模型,采用离散项模型及动网格技术,对自卸卡车行驶过程中粉尘分布特征和车身周围气流进行数值计算。研究结果表明:随着自卸卡车车速提高,扬尘高度与浓度均增加,车速越快,车尾粉尘浓度越高,当车速达到40 km/h时,道路粉尘浓度为358 mg/m^(3);在车尾附近,扬尘浓度随着地面粉尘粒径减小而增加,平均粉尘粒径为1μm时,扬尘浓度最高;地面粉尘质量流率越大,扬尘浓度越高。基于自卸卡车运输粉尘扩散规律和模拟结果,建议自卸卡车运行车速为25 km/h,同时增加粉尘粒径和地面粉尘质量,为下一步实施降尘措施打下基础。In order to optimize the control measures of road dust in open-pit mines and reveal the dust law of dump trucks,a geometric model was established by numerical simulation method.The discrete term model and dynamic grid technology were used to numerically calculate the dust distribution characteristics and the airflow around the dump truck during driving.The results show that with the increase of the speed of the dump truck,the height and concentration of dust increase.The faster the speed,the higher the dust concentration at the rear of the truck.When the speed reaches 4o km/h,the road dust concentration reaches 358 mg/m^(3).Near the rear of the truck,the dust concentration increases with the decrease of the ground dust particle size.When the average dust particle size is lμm,the dust concentration is the highest.The higher the ground dust mass flow rate,the higher the dust concentration.Based on the dust diffusion law and simulation results of dump truck transportation,it is suggested that the running speed of dump truck should be 25 km/h,and the dust particle size and ground dust quality should be increased at the same time,which lays a foundation for the next step of dust reduction measures.

关 键 词：露天矿山 动网格技术 粉尘 离散项模型 道路运输 

分 类 号：TD57[矿业工程—矿山机电] X694[环境科学与工程]