新疆克孜勒河浮游生物群落特征及其与环境因子关系  

Characteristics of plankton community structure and its relation to environmental factors in Kizil River,Xinjiang,China

作　　者：赵贺 赵年桦 李丽 强壮 魏杰 聂竹兰[1,2,3,4] 沈建忠[5] ZHAO He;ZHAO Nianhua;LI Li;QIANG Zhuang;WEI Jie;NIE Zhu-lan;SHEN Jianzhong(College of Animal Sciences and Technology,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,Xin-jiang,China;State Kay Laboratory Breeding Base for The Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tar-im Basin Co-funded by Xinjiang Corps and The Ministry of Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Xinjiang Produc-tion&Construction,Alaer 843300,Xinjiang,China;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,Xinjiang,China;College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]省部共建塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用国家重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [5]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第5期1123-1131,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560721和31860729);华中农业大学塔里木大学科研合作联合基金项目(TDHNLH201702);塔里木大学校长基金创新研究团队项目(TDZKCX202204)资助。

摘　　要：为探明克孜勒河浮游生物群落结构及生态环境现状,于2020年5月(丰水期)和9月(枯水期)对克孜勒河上、中、下游的水体理化指标和浮游生物进行采样分析,结果表明:浮游植物有4门28种,主要为硅藻门和绿藻门,分别占总种类数的71.43%和14.29%;浮游动物3类14种,其中轮虫有7种,原生动物4种,桡足类3种;克孜勒河丰水期优势生物有水绵(Spirogyra communis)、表壳虫(Arcella sp.)和懒轮虫(Rotaria tardigrada);枯水期优势生物主要为水绵(Spirogyra communis)、长圆舟形藻(Navicula oblonga)、扁圆舟形藻(Navicula simplex)、胡梨壳虫(Nebela barbata)和表壳虫(Arcella sp.),浮游生物群落结构趋于简单化;枯水期浮游植物和浮游动物平均密度和平均生物量均高于丰水期;克孜勒河浮游生物Shannon多样性指数在丰水期为1.83,属于中等污染;在枯水期为2.27,属于轻度污染;冗余分析显示,pH、透明度和氨氮是影响克孜勒河浮游植物群落结构的重要环境因子,pH、总磷和总氮是影响浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子。本研究可为克孜勒河水资源保护提供基础数据。To evaluate the plankton community structure and ecological environment in Kizil River, we investigated the plankton and water physicochemical factors in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Kizil River during the high-water period in May and the low-water period in September of 2020. The results showed that there were 28 species and 4 phyla in the phytoplankton community, in which diatoms and green algae were dominant, with a contribution of 71.43% and 14.29%, respectively. There were 14 species and 3 phyla in zooplankton community, including seven species of rotifiers, four species of protozoans and three species of copedods. In May, the month within abundant water season, the dominant species in the Kizil River were Spirogyra communis, Arcella sp. and Rotaria tardigrada, while Spirogyra communis, Navicula oblonga, Navicula simplex, Nebela barbata and Arcella sp. were dominated in September, a month of drought season. Meanwhile, the mean density and biomass of these two plankton communities in the dry season were higher and richer than those in the wet season. The species of both communities, however, were less diversified. The values of Shannon Diversity Index of plankton in May and December were 1.83 and 2.27, indicating a status of moderate and mild pollution, respectively. The results of redundancy analysis showed that pH, transparency, and the load of ammonia were the important environmental factors affecting plankton community structure, while pH, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen were the key factors affecting zooplankton community structure. This study can provide basic data for the protection of water resources in the Kizil River.

关 键 词：克孜勒河 浮游植物 浮游动物 群落结构 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]