基于政府与市场角色厘定的农村土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出机制研究  

Study on the Voluntary and Compensated Withdrawal Mechanism of Rural Land Contract Right Based on the Roles of Government and Market

作　　者：王常伟 顾海英[3] WANG Changwei;GU Haiying

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学财经研究所 [2]上海财经大学城乡发展研究院 [3]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2023年第4期2-29,共28页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“推进中国特色农业农村现代化的理念、动力与路径研究”(编号:22ZDA058);中央农办、农业农村部乡村振兴专家咨询委员会软科学课题“农村土地承包经营权转让和退出有关问题研究”(编号:202124)的支持。

摘　　要：在维护进城落户农民土地承包经营权的既定政策下,开展农村土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出,既是优化人地配置的要求,也是为具备离农条件农民提供土地权利价值实现通道的要求。当前中国农村土地承包经营权的退出机制还不完善,导致引导有条件农民自愿有偿退出土地承包经营权的改革相对滞缓。本文研究在分析农村土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出内涵的基础上,基于政府与市场角色厘定分析了土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出机理,审视了试点地区的实践困境,进而提出完善土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出机制的政策建议。研究认为,在农村土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出过程中,应发挥市场的决定性作用,同时政府应通过承担土地承包经营权退出的保障性补偿责任,消除市场失灵,并防范改革风险,进而通过政府与市场角色的厘定,完善农村土地承包经营权自愿有偿退出的补偿机制、推进机制和退出土地的利用机制,构建符合理论和现实要求并具有可持续性的农村土地承包经营权退出通道。Under the policy of protecting the Land Contract Right of farmers who have settled in cities,voluntary and compensated withdrawal of Rural Land Contract Right is not only the requirement for optimizing land allocation,but also for providing channels for farmers to realize the value of land rights.There are still some problems in the current withdrawal mechanism of Land Contract Right,which lead to the relatively slow reform of the withdrawal system.Based on the connotation of voluntary and compensated withdrawal of Land Contract Right,this study analyzes the mechanism of voluntary and compensated withdrawal of Land Contract Right from the perspective of the roles of government and market,examines the practical dilemma in pilot areas,and provides policy implications.This study reveals that the market is expected to play a decisive role in the process of voluntary and compensated withdrawal of Land Contract Right.Meanwhile,the government should take the responsibility of compensation to address market failures and guard against reform risks.Moreover,clarifying the roles of the government and the market helps improve the compensation mechanism,promotion mechanism,and land utilization mechanism of voluntary and compensated withdrawal of Land Contract Right,so as to build a sustainable withdrawal mechanism of Land Contract Right conforming to theory and reality.

关 键 词：土地承包经营权 市场失灵 农地配置 补偿机制 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]