收入分布尾部参数表示与不平等估计——共同富裕进程中合理调节过高收入的依据  

Parametric Representation and Inequality Estimates of Top Incomes:Basis for Adjusting Excessive Income Reasonably in Common Prosperity

作　　者：阮敬[1,2] 王继田 Ruan Jing;Wang Jitian

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学数据科学学院 [2]首都经济贸易大学统计学院

出　　处：《统计研究》2023年第4期46-59,共14页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“共享发展推动共同富裕的理论、测度方法与治理体系研究”(22BTJ036)。

摘　　要：收入分布尾部反映了社会高收入与过高收入群体特征。本文通过对收入分布尾部参数的拟合及阈值选择,识别过高收入群体并对其分布特征进行表达,估计我国收入分布尾部的不平等现状及发展趋势,运用社会福利函数分析框架讨论合理调节过高收入对居民收入分配及社会福利的影响。研究发现:现阶段我国收入分布尾部的高收入群体和过高收入群体在统计特征上存在显著差异;近年来居民收入水平不断提高,但收入差距仍然较高,收入分布尾部不平等状况日益加剧是导致这种现象的重要因素;共同富裕目标下,合理调节过高收入有助于改善居民收入不平等状况,社会总体福利水平也有所提升。The tail of income distribution represents the characteristics of social groups with high income and excessive income.By fitting the parameters of the tail income distribution and selecting the threshold values,this paper identifies the excessive income groups and expresses their distribution characteristics,estimates the current situation and development trend of inequality in the tail of the income distribution in China,and uses the social welfare function analysis framework to measure the impact of reasonable adjustment of excessive income on residents’income distribution and social welfare.The research finds that there are significant differences in statistical characteristics between the high income group and excessive income group in the tail of income distribution in China at the current stage.In addition,residents’income in China are continuously increasing in the past few years,but income differences are still at high levels,which is mainly caused by the growing inequality in tail end of income distribution.Following the goal of common prosperity,a reasonable adjustment of excessive income will not only significantly improve the income inequality of residents,but also increase the overall welfare level of society.

关 键 词：收入分布 不平等 共同富裕 过高收入群体 

分 类 号：F222.1[经济管理—国民经济]