拉萨市医疗卫生服务现状及空间可达性研究  

Research on the Current Situation and Spatial Accessibility of Medical Services in Lhasa

作　　者：吴晓凡 干颖滢 尹悦 曾宇琦 王书平 闫丽娜 WU Xiao-fan;GAN Ying-ying;YIN Yue;ZENG Yu-qi;WANG Shu-ping;YAN Li-na(Medical College of Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang,832003,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]荷兰代尔夫特理工大学,荷兰代尔夫特市2628BL [3]南洋理工大学,新加坡新加坡639798 [4]国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心,北京100191

出　　处：《中国卫生经济》2023年第3期25-29,58,共6页Chinese Health Economics

基　　金：中国与世界卫生组织2020—2021双年度合作项目(GJ2-2021-WHOPO-E1);国家留学基金委资助项目。

摘　　要：目的:分析拉萨市医疗卫生服务现状及可达性,为拉萨市医疗资源配置提供参考意见。方法:描述性分析2020年拉萨市各区县医疗卫生资源配置,并利用高斯两步移动搜索法和Getis-Ord Gi*指数评价拉萨市医疗卫生资源可达性。结果:除城关区外,拉萨市其余区县的床位数及各类卫生技术人员数总体均低于全国平均水平。拉萨市各区县病床使用率及医师工作效率较低,相较于全国平均水平仍有较大差距;拉萨市医疗卫生服务整体可达性较低,各区域空间差异性较大,呈现圈层式分布的结构,即中部可达性高,可达性向四周逐渐降低,尤其是东北、西北地区,为拉萨市医疗卫生可达性服务最差的地区。结论:拉萨市医疗卫生资源分布不均,聚集于中部地区,同时医疗服务呈现出“低质量、低效率”的状态。建议依托地理分级,分区域完善医疗资源配置标准;重视地域特征,提高医疗卫生服务可达性;优化激励机制,改革人力资源管理制度;创新援藏服务模式,探索跨区域医疗服务体系。Objective:To analyze the current status and accessibility of medical services in Lhasa and provide references on the allocation of medical resources in Lhasa.Methods:The allocation of medical resources in various districts and counties in Lhasa in 2020 was descriptively analyzed,and the accessibility of medical resources in Lhasa was evaluated by Gaussian two-step mobile search method and Getis-Ord Gi*index.Results:Except Chengguan District,the number of beds and various health technicians in other districts and counties of Lhasa was generally lower than the national average.The utilization rate of sickbeds and the working efficiency of doctors in all districts and counties of Lhasa were relatively low,and there was still a large gap compared with the national average level.The overall accessibility of medical and health services in Lhasa was low,and the spatial differences among regions were large,showing a circular distribution structure(the central accessibility was high,and the accessibility gradually decreased to the surrounding areas,especially the northeast and northwest regions,which were the areas with the worst medical and health accessibility services in Lhasa.Conclusion:The medical resources in Lhasa were unevenly distributed and concentrated in the central region.Meanwhile,the medical services were of"low quality and low efficiency".It was suggested to improve the allocation standard of medical resources by relying on geographical classification;pay attention to regional characteristics and improve the accessibility of medical services;optimize the incentive mechanism and reform the human resource management system;innovate the Tibetan aid service mode,and explore the cross-regional medical service system.

关 键 词：医疗资源配置 卫生服务可及性 高斯两步移动搜索法 拉萨 

分 类 号：R1-9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] F241[经济管理—劳动经济]